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25 cardsGeneral Knowledge (Egypt)

Egyptian Heritage, Governance and National Geography

Essential facts on Egyptian geographical landmarks, ancient and modern history, constitutional organs, and strategic economic projects.

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Nile River Distributaries forming the Delta
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1
Nile River Distributaries forming the Delta
The Rosetta branch (west) and Damietta branch (east), which bifurcate north of Cairo near the Delta Barrages.
2
Lake Nasser Reservoir Formation and Capacity
Artificial reservoir created by the Aswan High Dam in 1970, holding approximately 162 billion cubic meters of water over 480 km.
3
The Qattara Depression Geographic Significance
Lowest land point in Egypt, dropping to 133 meters below sea level in the northwestern Western Desert across 19,600 km^2.
4
Highest Mountain Peak in Egypt
Mount Catherine (Jabal Katrina) in South Sinai Governorate, rising to 2,629 meters (8,625 ft) above sea level.
5
Wadi Al-Hitan (Valley of the Whales) UNESCO Significance
Paleontological UNESCO site in Faiyum preserving fossilized skeletons of early whales (Basilosaurus), documenting land-to-sea evolution.
6
Great Sand Sea and Libyan Desert Glass
Vast 72,000 km^2 dune sea in the Western Desert containing rare 29-million-year-old silica impact glass used in Tutankhamun's pectoral.
7
Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt (Narmer)
King Narmer unified Egypt c. 3100 BCE, combining the White Crown (Upper) and Red Crown (Lower) on the Narmer Palette.
8
First Monumental Stone Pyramid Architect
Imhotep, royal architect and vizier to Third Dynasty King Djoser, designed the Step Pyramid at Saqqara c. 2670 BCE.
9
The Great Pyramid of Giza Pharaoh and Dimensions
Built for Fourth Dynasty pharaoh Khufu c. 2560 BCE, originally 146.6 m high with 2.3 million dressed stone blocks.
10
Discovery of Tutankhamun's Tomb (KV62)
Discovered by British archaeologist Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon in the Valley of the Kings on November 4, 1922.
11
Decipherment of Hieroglyphics via the Rosetta Stone
Discovered in 1799 at Rashid, containing texts in Hieroglyphic, Demotic, and Greek; deciphered by Jean-Francois Champollion in 1822.
12
Foundation of Alexandria and Capital of Ptolemaic Egypt
Founded in 331 BCE by Alexander the Great, designed by Dinocrates, serving as Egypt's Hellenistic capital for nearly 1,000 years.
13
Arab Conquest of Egypt and Foundation of Fustat
General Amr ibn al-Aas conquered Byzantine Egypt in 641 CE, establishing Fustat and the Mosque of Amr ibn al-Aas.
14
Foundation of Cairo (Al-Qahira) and Al-Azhar
Founded in 969 CE by Fatimid general Jawhar al-Siqilli, building Al-Azhar Mosque and University in 972 CE.
15
Battle of Ayn Jalut (1260 CE)
Mamluk Sultan Qutuz and General Baybars defeated the Mongol army in Palestine, halting Mongol conquest across North Africa.
16
Opening of the Suez Canal (1869)
Inaugurated on November 17, 1869, under Khedive Ismail, connecting the Mediterranean and Red Seas over 193 km.
17
The Free Officers Revolution of July 23, 1952
Led by Gamal Abdel Nasser and Muhammad Naguib, toppling King Farouk and proclaiming the Republic of Egypt on June 18, 1953.
18
Operation Badr (The October 1973 Crossing)
Egyptian forces breached the Israeli Bar Lev Line across the Suez Canal using high-pressure water cannons on October 6, 1973.
19
Egyptian Nobel Laureates
Anwar Sadat (Peace 1978), Naguib Mahfouz (Literature 1988), Ahmed Zewail (Chemistry 1999), Mohamed ElBaradei (Peace 2005).
20
Presidential Term Under the Egyptian Constitution
Six calendar years, with a limit of two consecutive terms (Article 140, as amended in 2019).
21
Supreme Constitutional Court (SCC) Authority
Exclusive judicial jurisdiction over constitutional review of laws and regulations and binding interpretation of statutory texts.
22
New Suez Canal Project (2015)
Dredged a parallel 35 km channel allowing two-way simultaneous transit and reducing ship waiting time from 18 to 11 hours.
23
Benban Solar Park Generation Capacity
1.8 GW photovoltaic solar facility near Aswan, spanning 37 km^2 across 32 individual solar power plants.
24
Zohr Offshore Gas Field Significance
Largest natural gas field in the Mediterranean, discovered by Eni in 2015 with 30 trillion cubic feet of reserves.
25
The New Administrative Capital (NAC) Key Landmarks
Smart city east of Cairo housing government ministries, parliament, and the 393-meter Iconic Tower (tallest building in Africa).

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