25 cardsIndonesia General Knowledge
GK Indonesia Quick Facts
Essential historical milestones, geographical facts, and constitutional structures of the Republic of Indonesia.
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National Motto of Indonesia
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1
National Motto of Indonesia
Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity), from the 14th-century Kakawin Sutasoma by Mpu Tantular.
2
Proclamation of Independence Date
17 August 1945, read by Sukarno accompanied by Mohammad Hatta at Jalan Pegangsaan Timur 56, Jakarta.
3
National Awakening Day (Hari Kebangkitan Nasional)
20 May 1908, commemorating the founding of the Budi Utomo organization by Dr. Soetomo and STOVIA students.
4
Youth Pledge (Sumpah Pemuda)
28 October 1928: One Motherland, One Nation, One Language of unity (Indonesia).
5
National Heroes Day (Hari Pahlawan)
10 November, commemorating the fierce 1945 Battle of Surabaya led by Bung Tomo.
6
Five Principles of Pancasila
1. Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa, 2. Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab, 3. Persatuan Indonesia, 4. Kerakyatan, 5. Keadilan Sosial.
7
Symbol for Sila 1 (Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa)
Golden Star on a black shield background at the center of Garuda Pancasila.
8
Symbol for Sila 2 (Kemanusiaan yang Adil dan Beradab)
Golden Chain with interconnected square and round links on a red field.
9
Symbol for Sila 3 (Persatuan Indonesia)
Banyan Tree (Pohon Beringin) on a white field, symbolizing shelter and unity.
10
Symbol for Sila 4 (Kerakyatan)
Bull's Head (Kepala Banteng) on a red field, symbolizing social gathering and deliberation.
11
Symbol for Sila 5 (Keadilan Sosial)
Rice and Cotton stalks (Padi dan Kapas) on a white field, symbolizing food and clothing.
12
Highest Mountain in Indonesia
Puncak Jaya (Carstensz Pyramid) in Central Papua, reaching 4,884 meters above sea level.
13
Largest Lake in Indonesia
Lake Toba in North Sumatra, a supervolcanic caldera lake with Samosir Island in the center.
14
The Three Indonesian Time Zones
WIB (UTC+7, Western), WITA (UTC+8, Central), and WIT (UTC+9, Eastern Indonesia).
15
Wallace Line
Biogeographical line between Bali and Lombok separating Asian fauna from Australasian fauna.
16
Number of Provinces in Indonesia
38 provinces across Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua.
17
New Capital City of Indonesia
Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN), situated in East Kalimantan province.
18
National Animal (Satwa Nasional)
Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis), native to Komodo National Park in East Nusa Tenggara.
19
Rare National Animal (Satwa Langka)
Javan Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus), protected in Ujung Kulon National Park, Banten.
20
National Floral Symbols (Puspa Bangsa)
Melati Putih (Puspa Bangsa), Anggrek Bulan (Puspa Pesona), and Padma Raksasa / Rafflesia (Puspa Langka).
21
Constitutional Amendments
The 1945 Constitution was amended four times: 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002.
22
Role of the Constitutional Court (MK)
Judicial review of statutes (Undang-Undang) against the 1945 Constitution, deciding election and institutional disputes.
23
Role of the Supreme Court (MA)
Apex court for ordinary, religious, military, and administrative judiciaries; tests lower regulations against statutes.
24
Supreme Audit Board (BPK)
Independent state body auditing state financial management, reporting to DPR, DPD, and DPRD.
25
Djuanda Declaration (13 Dec 1957)
Unified all seas between and around Indonesian islands into indivisible sovereign national waters.