25 cardsGeneral Knowledge (Lebanon)
General Knowledge Lebanon - Heritage, Governance, and Geography
25 flashcards reviewing Lebanese physical geography, historical civilizations, constitution, state institutions, and economy.
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What is the highest mountain peak in Lebanon and the Levant?
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1
What is the highest mountain peak in Lebanon and the Levant?
Qurnat as Sawda', reaching an elevation of 3,088 meters in the Mount Lebanon range.
2
What is the longest river located entirely within Lebanon?
The Litani River, flowing approximately 140 kilometers through the Beqaa Valley to the Mediterranean Sea.
3
What fertile agricultural plateau separates the Mount Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountain ranges?
The Beqaa Valley (Al-Biqa'), situated at an average elevation of 900 meters.
4
What ancient Phoenician coastal city is widely recognized as one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities?
Byblos (Jbeil), where the Phoenician phonetic alphabet inscription on Ahiram sarcophagus was discovered.
5
Which UNESCO World Heritage Site in Lebanon contains massive Roman temple complexes dedicated to Jupiter, Bacchus, and Venus?
Baalbek (ancient Heliopolis), located in the northern Beqaa Valley.
6
What historic Lebanese palace serves as a masterpiece of 19th-century Ottoman-Lebanese architecture and hosts an annual summer cultural festival?
Beiteddine Palace, constructed by Emir Bashir Shihab II in the Chouf Mountains.
7
Which subterranean limestone cavern system north of Beirut was a finalist for the New 7 Wonders of Nature?
Jeita Grotto, comprising interconnected upper dry and lower river cave galleries over 9 kilometers long.
8
What tree species is the national emblem of Lebanon, featured prominently on the national flag?
Cedrus libani (the Cedar of Lebanon), preserved in reserves such as the Cedars of God (Bsharri) and Al-Shouf Cedar Reserve.
9
In which year did Lebanon gain its independence from the French Mandate?
1943 (officially celebrated on November 22), following the national reconciliation agreement known as the National Pact.
10
What historic accord, signed in 1989 in Saudi Arabia, provided the framework for ending the Lebanese Civil War and reforming the political system?
The Taif Agreement (National Reconciliation Accord), which transferred executive authority to the Council of Ministers.
11
What is the unicameral legislative body of the Lebanese Republic, and how many seats does it contain?
The Parliament of Lebanon (Chambre des Députés / Majlis an-Nuwwab), comprising 128 seats divided equally between Christians and Muslims.
12
Under the customary constitutional power-sharing arrangement in Lebanon, what are the confessions of the President, Prime Minister, and Speaker of Parliament?
The President of the Republic is a Maronite Christian, the Prime Minister is a Sunni Muslim, and the Speaker of Parliament is a Shia Muslim.
13
What is the official currency of the Lebanese Republic?
The Lebanese Pound (Livre Libanaise - LBP).
14
What is the central bank of Lebanon, established under the Code of Money and Credit in 1963?
Banque du Liban (BDL).
15
What is the primary commercial seaport of Lebanon handling the majority of national maritime cargo?
The Port of Beirut, situated on Saint George Bay on the Mediterranean coast.
16
What holy valley in northern Lebanon is a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for historic Christian monastic hermitages and monasteries?
The Qadisha Valley (Wadi Qadisha / Holy Valley), situated beneath Bsharri.
17
What famous 20th-century Lebanese-American writer and artist authored 'The Prophet'?
Gibran Khalil Gibran (1883-1931), born in Bsharri, northern Lebanon.
18
What coastal city in southern Lebanon was an ancient Phoenician metropolis famous for purple murex dye and maritime trade colonies?
Tyre (Sour), a UNESCO World Heritage Site featuring extensive Roman and Byzantine archaeological ruins.
19
What is the second-largest city in Lebanon, known for its Mamluk architectural heritage and historic soap factories?
Tripoli (Tarabulus), situated on the northern Mediterranean coast.
20
What river forms part of the northern international border between Lebanon and Syria?
Nahr al-Kabir al-Janubi (The Great Southern River).
21
What natural freshwater lake in the Beqaa Valley is the largest artificial lake in Lebanon, created by the Litani River dam?
Lake Qaraoun (Qaraoun Reservoir).
22
What major international airport serves the Lebanese capital, Beirut?
Beirut-Rafic Hariri International Airport (BEY), located south of Beirut city center.
23
What sea fortress, built by the Crusaders in the 13th century on a small islet, guards the harbor of Sidon?
Sidon Sea Castle (Château de la Mer).
24
What is the highest judicial constitutional court in Lebanon responsible for reviewing the constitutionality of enacted laws?
The Constitutional Council (Conseil Constitutionnel), established following the 1990 constitutional amendments.
25
What international cultural festival, founded in 1956, is hosted annually among the Roman ruins in the Beqaa Valley?
The Baalbeck International Festival.
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