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22 cardsGeneral Knowledge (India)

Indian Constitution and Polity Core

Essential flashcards on the Constitution of India, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, and Union Institutions.

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Adoption and Enforcement Dates of Indian Constitution
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1
Adoption and Enforcement Dates of Indian Constitution
Adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949; came into full legal force on 26 January 1950.
2
Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, widely celebrated as the chief architect of the Constitution of India.
3
President of the Constituent Assembly
Dr. Rajendra Prasad, elected on 11 December 1946 (Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha served as temporary Chairman).
4
Original Basis of the Preamble
The 'Objectives Resolution' moved by Jawaharlal Nehru on 13 December 1946 and unanimously adopted on 22 January 1947.
5
Three Words Added to the Preamble by 42nd Amendment (1976)
'Socialist', 'Secular', and 'Integrity'.
6
Supreme Court Ruling on Preamble (Kesavananda Bharati, 1973)
Held that the Preamble is an integral part of the Constitution and can be amended under Article 368 without altering the Basic Structure.
7
Article Termed 'Heart and Soul' by Dr. Ambedkar
Article 32 (Right to Constitutional Remedies through Writs: Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo-Warranto, Certiorari).
8
Constitutional Amendment for Right to Education (Article 21A)
The 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002, guaranteeing free and compulsory education for ages 6-14.
9
Amendment Moving Right to Property from Fundamental Rights
The 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978, making property a legal/constitutional right under Article 300A.
10
Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV) Source Country
Borrowed from the Constitution of Ireland (which had adapted them from the Spanish Constitution).
11
Fundamental Duties (Article 51A) Source Country & Amendment
Borrowed from the USSR Constitution; inserted by the 42nd Amendment (1976) on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee.
12
Total Number of Fundamental Duties Today
11 Fundamental Duties (the 11th duty, 51A(k), was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002).
13
Article Abolishing Untouchability
Article 17 of the Constitution of India.
14
Article Abolishing Titles (Except Military and Academic)
Article 18 of the Constitution of India.
15
Minimum Age to Become President of India
35 years (Article 58), with Indian citizenship and qualification for election to the Lok Sabha.
16
Minimum Age for Member of Lok Sabha vs Rajya Sabha
25 years for Lok Sabha (House of the People); 30 years for Rajya Sabha (Council of States).
17
Maximum Term and Nature of Rajya Sabha
A permanent body not subject to dissolution; one-third of its members retire every second year (individual term: 6 years).
18
Sole Authority to Certify a Money Bill (Article 110)
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha, whose decision is final and non-justiciable.
19
Ex-Officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha
The Vice-President of India (Article 64).
20
Ordinance-Making Power of the President
Article 123, exercisable only when both Houses or either House of Parliament is not in session.
21
Emergency Provisions in the Constitution
Part XVIII: National Emergency (Article 352), President's Rule (Article 356), and Financial Emergency (Article 360).
22
Guardian and Final Interpreter of the Constitution
The Supreme Court of India under Articles 32, 131-136, and 141.

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