29 cardsMDCAT Pakistan
MDCAT: Biology Quick Facts
Flashcards on cell biology, genetics, human physiology, disease and ecology for the MDCAT medical entry test in Pakistan. Original study material.
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Powerhouse of the cell
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Terms in this deck (29)
1
Powerhouse of the cell
The mitochondrion, the site of most ATP production.
2
Site of the Calvin cycle
The stroma of the chloroplast.
3
Net ATP gain from glycolysis
2 ATP per glucose molecule.
4
Where the Krebs cycle occurs
In the mitochondrial matrix.
5
Final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration
Oxygen, which forms water.
6
Chromosome number in a human body cell and a gamete
46 and 23.
7
Phase of mitosis in which sister chromatids separate
Anaphase.
8
Stage of meiosis in which crossing over occurs
Prophase I.
9
Complementary base pairs in DNA
A with T (two hydrogen bonds) and G with C (three hydrogen bonds).
10
Base found in RNA instead of thymine
Uracil.
11
Enzyme that unwinds DNA at the replication fork
DNA helicase.
12
Enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments
DNA ligase.
13
Enzyme that makes DNA from an RNA template
Reverse transcriptase.
14
Phenotypic ratio of Aa × Aa
3 : 1 (dominant : recessive).
15
Phenotypic ratio of AaBb × AaBb
9 : 3 : 3 : 1.
16
Hardy–Weinberg equation
and .
17
Chamber that pumps blood to the body
The left ventricle.
18
Site of ultrafiltration in the nephron
The glomerulus.
19
Hormone that lowers blood glucose
Insulin, from the beta cells of the pancreas.
20
Hormone that increases water reabsorption in the kidney
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
21
Enzyme that starts protein digestion
Pepsin, in the stomach.
22
Neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction
Acetylcholine.
23
Part of the brain that controls balance and coordination
The cerebellum.
24
Cause of malaria
Plasmodium, carried by female Anopheles mosquitoes.
25
Cause of tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
26
Cause of cholera
Vibrio cholerae.
27
Vector of dengue fever
Aedes mosquitoes.
28
Cells infected by HIV
CD4 T helper cells.
29
Typical energy transfer between trophic levels
About 10 percent.