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27 cardsOman Medical Specialty Board Examination (OMSB)

OMSB Clinical Signs and Eponyms

Flashcards on classic clinical signs, triads and obstetric and paediatric rules for the Oman Medical Specialty Board examination. Original study material.

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Murphy sign
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1
Murphy sign
Arrest of inspiration on palpation of the right upper quadrant: acute cholecystitis.
2
Charcot triad
Fever, jaundice and right upper quadrant pain: acute cholangitis.
3
Beck triad
Hypotension, raised jugular venous pressure and muffled heart sounds: cardiac tamponade.
4
Cushing triad
Hypertension, bradycardia and irregular breathing: raised intracranial pressure.
5
Virchow triad
Stasis, endothelial injury and hypercoagulability: causes of venous thrombosis.
6
Whipple triad
Symptoms of hypoglycaemia, a low glucose and relief when the glucose is corrected.
7
Koplik spots
Small white spots on the buccal mucosa: measles.
8
Cullen sign
Periumbilical bruising: haemorrhagic pancreatitis or intraperitoneal bleeding.
9
Grey Turner sign
Flank bruising: haemorrhagic pancreatitis or retroperitoneal bleeding.
10
Courvoisier law
A palpable non-tender gallbladder with jaundice is unlikely to be due to gallstones.
11
Rovsing sign
Pain in the right iliac fossa on palpation of the left iliac fossa: appendicitis.
12
McBurney point
Two-thirds of the way from the umbilicus to the right anterior superior iliac spine: tenderness in appendicitis.
13
Kernig and Brudzinski signs
Signs of meningeal irritation seen in meningitis.
14
Chvostek and Trousseau signs
Signs of hypocalcaemia.
15
Homans-type calf pain
Unreliable for diagnosing deep vein thrombosis; use a clinical score and D-dimer or imaging.
16
Gowers sign
Climbing up the legs with the hands to stand: proximal muscle weakness such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
17
Ortolani and Barlow tests
Used to detect developmental dysplasia of the hip in newborns.
18
Reynolds pentad
Charcot triad plus hypotension and confusion: severe cholangitis.
19
Apgar score components
Heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability and colour, each scored 0 to 2.
20
Normal fetal heart rate range
110 to 160 beats per minute.
21
Beta-hCG in ectopic pregnancy
Rises more slowly than in a normal intrauterine pregnancy.
22
Pre-eclampsia definition
New hypertension after 20 weeks with proteinuria or other organ dysfunction.
23
Magnesium sulfate use in obstetrics
Prevents and treats eclamptic seizures.
24
Kernicterus
Bilirubin deposition in the basal ganglia in severe neonatal jaundice.
25
Hirschsprung disease diagnosis
Rectal suction biopsy showing absent ganglion cells.
26
Intussusception features
Redcurrant-jelly stool and a target sign on ultrasound.
27
Pyloric stenosis metabolic picture
Hypochloraemic hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis.

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