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52 cardsRiigieksamid (Estonian State Exams)

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Key revision flashcards with core mathematical formulas, key dates in Estonian history, and fundamental concepts in Estonian language and literature.

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Quadratic formula

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Quadratic formula

For

a x^{2} + b x + c = 0

x = \frac{- b \pm b ^{2} - 4 a c}{2 a}

Derivative of

x^{n}

(x^{n})^{'} = n x^{n - 1}

Product rule

(uv)^{'} = u^{'} v + u v^{'}

Quotient rule

(\frac{u}{v})^{'} = \frac{u ^{'} v - u v ^{'}}{v ^{2}}

Chain rule

(f (g (x)))^{'} = f^{'} (g (x)) \cdot g^{'} (x)

Derivative of

ln x

(ln x)^{'} = \frac{1}{x}

Derivative of

e^{x}

(e^{x})^{'} = e^{x}

Integral of

x^{n}

\int x^{n} d x = \frac{x ^{n + 1}}{n + 1} + C

n \neq = - 1

Integration by parts

\int u d v = uv - \int v d u

Volume of revolution about the

x

-axis

V = π \int_{a}^{b} (f (x))^{2} d x

Arithmetic sum

S_{n} = \frac{n}{2} (a_{1} + a_{n})

Geometric sum

S_{n} = a_{1} \frac{1 - r ^{n}}{1 - r}

Law of cosines

c^{2} = a^{2} + b^{2} - 2 ab cos C

Heron's formula

A = s (s - a) (s - b) (s - c)

with

s = \frac{a + b + c}{2}

Pythagorean identity

sin^{2} x + cos^{2} x = 1

Logarithm product rule

lo g_{a} (x y) = lo g_{a} x + lo g_{a} y

Combinations

(k n) = \frac{n !}{k ! ( n - k )!}

Bayes' rule

P (A ∣ B) = \frac{P ( B ∣ A ) P ( A )}{P ( B )}

Equation of a circle

(x - a)^{2} + (y - b)^{2} = r^{2}

Length of a vector

∣ a ∣ = a_{1}^{2} + a_{2}^{2} + a_{3}^{2}

Livonian Crusade

Early thirteenth century: German and Danish crusaders brought the Estonian lands under foreign rule

St George's Night Uprising

1343: a revolt of Estonians against the landlords and the Livonian Order

University of Tartu

Founded in 1632 by the Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus

Great Northern War

Russia took Estonia from Sweden: capitulation of Tallinn in 1710, Treaty of Nystad in 1721

Abolition of serfdom

1816 in the Estonian province and 1819 in Livonia

First national song festival

1869, in Tartu

Manifesto to the Peoples of Estonia

24 February 1918

Treaty of Tartu

2 February 1920: Soviet Russia recognised Estonia's independence

Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

23 August 1939: secret protocol placed Estonia in the Soviet sphere

Soviet occupation

June 1940; mass deportations on 14 June 1941 and in March 1949

Baltic Way

23 August 1989: a human chain across Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania

Restoration of independence

20 August 1991

NATO and EU membership

2004: NATO on 29 March and the EU on 1 May

Euro adoption

1 January 2011

Language family of Estonian

Uralic, in the Finnic branch, close to Finnish

Number of cases in Estonian

Fourteen

Compiler of Kalevipoeg

Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald, published 1857 to 1861

Author of Truth and Justice (Tõde ja õigus)

A. H. Tammsaare, published 1926 to 1933

Author of The Mahtra War

Eduard Vilde

Author of Kevade (Spring)

Oskar Luts

Mother Tongue Day

14 March, the birthday of Kristjan Jaak Peterson

Estonian inessive case

Means in, ending in -s: majas

Estonian translative case

Means becoming, ending in -ks: arstiks

Estonian comitative case

Means with, ending in -ga: sõbraga

Possession in Estonian

The owner in the adessive plus the verb be: Mul on raamat

Three degrees of quantity

Short, long and overlong sounds

Siuru

A group of poets from 1917, including Marie Under

Estonian Independence Day

24 February 1918 (Declaration of the Manifesto to the Peoples of Estonia)

Tartu Peace Treaty date

2 February 1920 (Soviet Russia renounced all sovereignty over Estonia)

Restoration of Estonian Independence

20 August 1991 (Passed during the Moscow hardline putsch)

Author of national epic Kalevipoeg

Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald (published 1857–1861)

Author of Tõde ja õigus

Anton Hansen Tammsaare (five-volume pentalogy, 1926–1933)

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