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Classical Dances and Heritage of India

Essential flashcards on India's 8 classical dance traditions, ancient Natya Shastra aesthetics, and master exponents.

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Number of Classical Dance Forms Recognized by Sangeet Natak Akademi
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1
Number of Classical Dance Forms Recognized by Sangeet Natak Akademi
8 forms: Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Manipuri, Mohiniyattam, and Sattriya.
2
Ancient Treatise Regarded as the Source of Classical Dance
The Natya Shastra, attributed to Sage Bharata Muni (c. 200 BCE - 200 CE), also called the 'Fifth Veda'.
3
State of Origin for Bharatanatyam
Tamil Nadu, historically performed by Devadasis in temple sanctums and formerly known as Sadir or Dasi Attam.
4
State of Origin for Kathak
Northern India (Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan), derived from the Sanskrit word 'Katha' (storyteller).
5
Major Gharanas of Kathak Dance
Lucknow Gharana (nawab patronage, expressive Bhava), Jaipur Gharana (technical footwork/Tatkar), and Banaras Gharana.
6
State of Origin for Kathakali
Kerala, a stylized dance-drama notable for elaborate facial makeup (Chutti), towering headgear, and vivid eye movements.
7
Significance of Green Makeup (Paccha) in Kathakali
Depicts noble, divine, and virtuous heroic characters (Satvika) such as Rama, Krishna, and Arjuna.
8
State of Origin for Mohiniyattam
Kerala, the 'dance of the enchantress' characterized by gentle, swaying Lasya movements and white-gold Kasavu attire.
9
State of Origin for Kuchipudi
Andhra Pradesh, originating from the Brahmin village of Kuchelapuram and formalized by Siddhendra Yogi.
10
Signature Element of Kuchipudi (Tarangam)
The dancer balances atop the rim of a brass plate while gracefully executing intricate rhythmic patterns.
11
State of Origin for Odissi
Odisha, rooted in the temple rituals of Maharis and Gotipuas; famous for the sculptural Tribhanga posture.
12
The Tribhanga Posture in Odissi
A three-bend body stance with deflections at the neck, waist, and knee, mimicking temple sculptures.
13
State of Origin for Manipuri Dance
Manipur, centered on Vaishnavite devotional themes of Radha-Krishna Raslila.
14
Unique Cylindrical Skirt of Manipuri Dancers
The Kumil (Potloi), an embroidered cylindrical stiff satin skirt creating a smooth gliding illusion.
15
State of Origin and Founder of Sattriya Dance
Assam, created in the 15th century by Vaishnavite reformer Srimanta Sankardeva in monastic Sattras.
16
Three Broad Elements of Classical Indian Dance
Nritta (pure rhythmic abstract dance), Nritya (interpretive expressive dance with emotion), and Natya (dramatic storytelling).
17
Nine Canonical Sentiments (Navarasas)
Shringara (love), Hasya (mirth), Karuna (compassion), Raudra (anger), Vira (courage), Bhayanaka (fear), Bibhatsa (disgust), Adbhuta (wonder), and Shanta (peace).
18
King of All Rasas (Rasaraja)
Shringara Rasa (erotic, romantic, and devotional love).
19
Hand Gestures in Indian Classical Dance
Mudras or Hastas (Asamyutta Hastas = single-hand, Samyutta Hastas = combined double-hand gestures).
20
Rukmini Devi Arundale's Historic Contribution
Revitalized and institutionalized Bharatanatyam in the 1930s, founding the Kalakshetra academy in Chennai.

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