What international petroleum organization, founded in Baghdad in 1960 and headquartered in Vienna, has Saudi Arabia as its leading and most influential member?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
- Step 1: Analyze global oil market governance: Established in September 1960 by founding members Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, and Venezuela.
- Step 2: OPEC coordinates petroleum export policies among member states, with Saudi Arabia serving as the de facto swing producer and leader of the expanded OPEC+ coalition.
Answer
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).
Why not the others: 'IEA' represents oil-consuming developed nations in Paris; 'GECF' focuses on natural gas producers; 'World Energy Council' is an independent global energy forum.
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