Which screening test is recommended at 24 to 28 weeks gestation for all pregnant women without preexisting diabetes to detect gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
- Step 1: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is routinely screened at 24 to 28 weeks gestation using a standardized 75-g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) under IADPSG/WHO guidelines, or a two-step 50-g glucose challenge followed by 100-g OGTT.
- Step 2: Diagnostic thresholds detect insulin resistance induced by placental hormones (human placental lactogen).
Answer
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Why not the others: 'Fasting lipid profile' evaluates cardiovascular risk, not carbohydrate tolerance; 'Random blood glucose at home' lacks standardized sensitivity; 'Urine dipstick for glycosuria' is non-specific due to reduced renal tubular glucose threshold during normal pregnancy.
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