Statements: (1) All roses are flowers. (2) Some flowers are red.
Conclusions:
I. Some roses are red.
II. Some red items are flowers.
Which conclusion(s) logically follow?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. Only conclusion II follows

  1. Step 1: Statement (2) states 'Some flowers are red', which by immediate conversion implies 'Some red items are flowers'. Conclusion II definitely follows.
  2. Step 2: There is no necessary connection established between roses and red items; the red flowers may not be roses. Conclusion I does not necessarily follow.
Answer
Only conclusion II follows.
Why not the others: Conclusion I is an unwarranted generalization that overextends the subset; hence neither 'Only I' nor 'Both' can hold.

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