In sociology, what does the concept of 'social capital' (articulated by Robert Putnam and Pierre Bourdieu) emphasize?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. networks, trust, and shared civic norms
- Step 1: Social capital refers to the social networks, reciprocity, shared values, and mutual trust that facilitate coordination and cooperation within a society. High social capital fosters civic engagement, reduces transaction costs, and promotes community well-being. Answer: networks, trust, and shared civic norms. Why not the others: "monetary currency and liquid bank reserves" describes economic capital rather than social connections and community networks; "physical industrial plant and machinery" describes physical or fixed capital in economic production theory; "genetic inheritance of athletic prowess" refers to biological and physical traits completely unrelated to sociological capital.
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