Read the excerpt and answer the question:
"Marine protected areas (MPAs) are frequently described as ecological sanctuaries. Yet their effectiveness hinges entirely on rigorous enforcement. 'Paper parks'—reserves that exist solely on legal maps without active maritime patrolling—experience identical rates of illegal commercial trawling as unprotected open waters."
What is a 'paper park' as described in the text?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. A protected reserve that lacks practical enforcement and patrolling
- Step 1: Identify definition provided in apposition: the text explicitly defines 'paper parks' as 'reserves that exist solely on legal maps without active maritime patrolling'.
- Step 2: This refers to nominal or unenforced conservation zones that offer no real protection in practice.
Answer
A protected reserve that lacks practical enforcement and patrolling.
Why not the others: 'A nature sanctuary established specifically to conserve paper pulp forests' takes the word paper literally; 'A marine research laboratory that publishes regular academic white papers' confuses conservation zones with research institutions; 'A terrestrial national park dedicated to recycling municipal paper waste' misinterprets the environmental metaphor.
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