Read the passage below and determine the primary contrast between CCS and DAC:
"Point-source carbon capture and storage (CCS) captures concentrated carbon dioxide directly from industrial smokestacks where emissions are dense. In contrast, direct air capture (DAC) scrubs ambient air where carbon dioxide is diluted to roughly 420 parts per million, requiring vastly greater thermodynamic energy per ton of captured gas."
What is the primary difference between CCS and DAC outlined in the text?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. DAC captures diluted atmospheric carbon, requiring much higher thermodynamic energy
- Step 1: Trace the stated contrast: CCS captures concentrated emissions from smokestacks, while DAC captures diluted ambient (420 ppm), 'requiring vastly greater thermodynamic energy per ton of captured gas'.
- Step 2: The primary difference is concentration at source and resulting thermodynamic energy demand.
Answer
DAC captures diluted atmospheric carbon, requiring much higher thermodynamic energy.
Why not the others: 'CCS operates exclusively in polar regions, whereas DAC operates in tropical zones' is an arbitrary geographical fabrication; 'DAC captures carbon exclusively from subterranean fossil fuel deposits' is false as DAC scrubs ambient air; 'CCS eliminates the necessity for underground geological carbon sequestration' contradicts the 'S' (storage) in CCS.
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