Following the death of Seyyid Said bin Sultan in 1856, how was the Omani trans-oceanic empire partitioned between his sons under the 1861 Canning Award?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. Partitioned into the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman and the Sultanate of Zanzibar

  1. Step 1: Upon Seyyid Said's death in 1856, a succession dispute arose between his sons.
  2. Step 2: The British viceroy of India, Lord Canning, arbitrated the dispute with the 1861 Canning Award, formally severing the empire into two sovereign entities: the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (ruled by Thuwaini) and the Sultanate of Zanzibar (ruled by Majid).
Answer
Partitioned into the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman and the Sultanate of Zanzibar.
Why not the others: 'Divided into three independent kingdoms including Sohar, Muscat, and Gwadar' Gwadar was an Omani overseas territory on the Makran coast, not a separate kingdom; 'Unified permanently under British direct colonial administration' Oman remained an independent sovereign sultanate; 'Purchased entirely by the French East India Company' is historically false.

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