According to the passage, a city can support a specialist physician because

Economists have long asked why people crowd into cities when living there is expensive. One answer is that cities allow firms and workers to specialize. A small town may support one general physician, but a city can support specialists in heart disease or in children's allergies, who treat more patients and become more skilled. Another answer concerns the sharing of ideas: workers in a dense district meet, change jobs and talk, and knowledge spreads from firm to firm. Critics point out that these benefits are hard to measure and that modern communications should make distance matter less. Yet the evidence is that cities have continued to grow even as communication has improved, and that wages in large cities are higher for workers with the same education and experience. This suggests that being close to others still has value that technology has not replaced, although it does not show which of the two benefits matters more.

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. a city has enough patients for a specialist to treat many cases

  1. Step 1: The passage says specialists treat more patients in a city. Step 2. The scale makes specialization possible. Answer: enough patients. Why not the others: these are not stated.

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