Which statement best sums up the main point of the text?
Bacteria reproduce quickly, and within a large population a few cells may carry a gene that protects them from a particular antibiotic. When the drug is given, the sensitive bacteria die while the resistant ones survive and multiply. This process, known as selection, explains why resistance spreads faster where antibiotics are used often. Resistance genes can also pass between different bacteria on small rings of DNA called plasmids, so a trait that arises in one species can appear in another. Using antibiotics only when they are needed and finishing the course prescribed by a doctor slows the spread of resistance. However, the drug does not cause the mutation; it only favours bacteria that already have it. Researchers are therefore searching for new antibiotics and for ways to stop bacteria sharing their resistance genes.
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Antibiotic use favours resistant bacteria, and resistance can pass between species
- Step 1: The text explains selection and gene transfer. Step 2. It states that the drug does not cause the mutation. Answer: use favours resistant bacteria and resistance can spread. Why not the others: these claims contradict or go beyond the text.
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