Which traditional irrigation system in Oman, inscribed collectively as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006, utilizes gravity-fed subterranean channels to tap aquifers?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: C. The Aflaj irrigation systems (Falaj Daudi, Ghayli, and Ayni)

  1. Step 1: The Aflaj (singular: Falaj) are ancient water management systems dating back over 2,000 to 4,000 years in Oman.
  2. Step 2: They capture groundwater from mountain aquifers or wadi underflow and transport it via gentle gravity tunnels over tens of kilometers.
  3. Step 3: In 2006, UNESCO inscribed five representative Aflaj (such as Falaj Daris and Falaj Al-Khatmeen) as World Heritage Sites.
Answer
The Aflaj irrigation systems (Falaj Daudi, Ghayli, and Ayni).
Why not the others: Archimedes screws and shadufs are Nile mechanisms; center-pivot systems are modern mechanical rigs.

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