Which of these is NOT a cause that excludes unlawfulness under Article 23 of the Penal Code?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. Voluntary desistance

  1. Step 1: Article 23 lists state of necessity, self-defence, strict compliance with a legal duty and regular exercise of a right.
Answer
Voluntary desistance.
Why not the others: Voluntary desistance relates to attempted crimes.

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