Passage: [Reference to Urban Architecture text above]
The author mentions 'panoptic design' in order to:
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. Illustrate how historical architectural layouts historically conditioned psychological compliance
- Step 1: Contextualize the reference: Jeremy Bentham's panopticon is introduced as an example of architecture designed for surveillance and behavioral control.
- Step 2: The author uses this reference to show that modern exclusionary design is part of a long historical tradition of spatial discipline.
- Step 3: Hence, the purpose is to illustrate how physical layouts historically served to enforce behavioral conformity.
Answer
Illustrate how historical architectural layouts historically conditioned psychological compliance.
Why not the others: Arguing that nineteenth-century penal architecture was more humane misrepresents Bentham's disciplinary model; claiming optical surveillance is redundant contradicts the panoptic mechanism of unseen scrutiny; praising early industrial factories misreads a disciplinary critique as an ergonomic endorsement.
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