In recent decades, what technology has transformed the national municipal water supply, providing over 80% of domestic drinking water?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination
- Step 1: Large-scale seawater desalination facilities along the Mediterranean coast (Ashkelon, Palmachim, Hadera, Sorek, Sorek 2) use reverse osmosis membrane technology.
- Step 2: Desalination now produces the vast majority of municipal tap water, decoupling domestic consumption from annual rainfall fluctuations.
Answer
Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination.
Why not the others: Atmospheric condensation provides only niche localized drinking water; fossil groundwater in the south has high salinity and limited replenishment; cloud seeding adds marginal precipitation to mountain watersheds.
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