What happens to catches during El Nino according to the passage?
Along the Pacific coast of South America runs a cold ocean current named after the scientist Alexander von Humboldt. Its water rises from the depths carrying nutrients, and these feed tiny plants that in turn feed small fish such as anchovies. For this reason the coast of Peru has long been one of the richest fishing areas in the world. Every few years, however, the sea surface warms and the nutrient supply drops sharply. This event, known as El Nino, drives the anchovies away to deeper or more distant waters, and catches fall. Fishing communities must then rely on other income until conditions return to normal.
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. They fall because the anchovies move away from the warmed surface water
- Step 1: Look at the sentences about the warming sea: nutrients drop and anchovies are driven away.
- Step 2: As a result catches fall.
Answer
They fall because the anchovies move away from the warmed surface water.
Why not the others: Catches do not rise or stay unchanged, and the cause of the fall is the movement of the fish, not a decision by the communities.
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