Which statement best describes the structure of the passage?

Along the Pacific coast of South America runs a cold ocean current named after the scientist Alexander von Humboldt. Its water rises from the depths carrying nutrients, and these feed tiny plants that in turn feed small fish such as anchovies. For this reason the coast of Peru has long been one of the richest fishing areas in the world. Every few years, however, the sea surface warms and the nutrient supply drops sharply. This event, known as El Nino, drives the anchovies away to deeper or more distant waters, and catches fall. Fishing communities must then rely on other income until conditions return to normal.

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: D. It explains why a region is productive and then describes a recurring event that disrupts it

  1. Step 1: The first half explains the current and the food chain; the second half starts with 'Every few years, however'.
  2. Step 2: That word signals a disruption of the earlier situation.
Answer
It explains why a region is productive and then describes a recurring event that disrupts it.
Why not the others: Humboldt is mentioned only for the name, there is no comparison of oceans and no list of fish.

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