The theoretical thermodynamic efficiency of a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell operating at is defined as . Given and , what is the efficiency?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: D.

  1. Step 1: The efficiency of a fuel cell converting chemical energy directly into electrical energy is .
  2. Step 2: Substitute the values: and .
  3. Step 3: Calculate: .
Answer
.
Why not the others: corresponds to typical operating efficiency under real load conditions; adds rather than subtracts the constant term in the final step; uses an incorrect denominator.

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