What is the main conclusion?
Congestion is a problem of too many people wanting the same road at the same time. Charging for road use at busy times would reduce demand and speed traffic, and economists have long argued for it. Opponents say that it is unfair to those on low incomes, who would be priced off the road. That deserves a reply. The first is that those on low incomes are less likely to own cars, and are the main users of buses that would run faster. The second is that the revenue could be used to improve public transport and to compensate those who must travel at peak times. A charge that is badly designed would harm the poor; it does not follow that every charge would.
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: E. Road pricing can be designed so that it does not unfairly harm those on low incomes
- Step 1: The final sentence says a badly designed charge would harm the poor but it does not follow that every charge would.
- Step 2: The two replies show how design can protect them.
Answer
Road pricing can be designed so that it does not unfairly harm those on low incomes.
Why not the others: The author does not call road pricing the only method, claim no use of cars, say congestion cannot be cut or propose free transport.
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