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41 cardsQatar Healthcare Practitioner Licensing Exam (QCHP / DHP)

QCHP Clinical Calculations and Emergency Quick Reference

Forty flashcards on clinical formulas and first-line emergency treatments for revision before the licensing exam. Original study material.

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Anion gap formula
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1
Anion gap formula
Na - (Cl + HCO3); a raised gap suggests unmeasured acids such as ketones or lactate.
2
Corrected calcium
Measured calcium + 0.8 mmol/L for every 1 g/dL that albumin is below 4 g/dL.
3
Mean arterial pressure
(Systolic + 2 x diastolic) / 3.
4
Calculated serum osmolality
2 x Na + glucose/18 + BUN/2.8 (glucose and BUN in mg/dL).
5
Cockcroft-Gault in men
(140 - age) x weight / (72 x serum creatinine); multiply by 0.85 for women.
6
First-line treatment of anaphylaxis
Intramuscular adrenaline into the anterolateral thigh.
7
Hyperkalaemia with ECG changes
Intravenous calcium gluconate first, then insulin with glucose and a potassium-lowering plan.
8
Paracetamol overdose antidote
N-acetylcysteine; best within 8 hours of ingestion.
9
Opioid toxidrome antidote
Naloxone for pinpoint pupils and respiratory depression.
10
Organophosphate poisoning antidote
Atropine to block muscarinic effects.
11
Status epilepticus first line
Intravenous benzodiazepine such as lorazepam after 5 minutes of seizure.
12
Thrombolysis window in ischaemic stroke
Alteplase within 4.5 hours of onset after haemorrhage is excluded on CT.
13
CURB-65 components
Confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age 65 or older.
14
Parkland formula
4 mL x weight (kg) x %TBSA; half in the first 8 hours.
15
Rule of nines in adults
Head 9%, each arm 9%, trunk front 18%, trunk back 18%, each leg 18%, perineum 1%.
16
Tension pneumothorax treatment
Immediate needle decompression then a chest drain.
17
Charcot's triad
Fever, jaundice and right upper quadrant pain in cholangitis.
18
Malignant hyperthermia treatment
Dantrolene, stop the trigger agent and cool the patient.
19
Compartment syndrome key sign
Pain on passive stretch out of proportion to the injury; treat with fasciotomy.
20
CPR ratio for adults
30 compressions to 2 breaths at 100-120 compressions per minute, 5-6 cm deep.
21
Maintenance fluids in children
4-2-1 rule: 4 mL/kg/h for the first 10 kg, 2 for the next 10, then 1 per kg.
22
Estimated weight of a child aged 1-5 years
(Age + 4) x 2 kg.
23
Paracetamol dose for children
15 mg/kg per dose; suspension 120 mg in 5 mL.
24
Fluid deficit in dehydration
Weight (kg) x % dehydration x 10 mL.
25
Croup treatment
Single-dose oral dexamethasone, with nebulised adrenaline in severe cases.
26
Kawasaki disease treatment
Intravenous immunoglobulin with aspirin; watch for coronary aneurysms.
27
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Projectile non-bilious vomiting, olive-shaped mass, hypochloraemic alkalosis.
28
Intussusception
Colic with red currant jelly stool; air enema is diagnostic and therapeutic.
29
Pathological neonatal jaundice
Jaundice within the first 24 hours of life.
30
Fever under 3 months
Full sepsis screen and empirical intravenous antibiotics.
31
Anaphylaxis dose in children
0.01 mg/kg of adrenaline 1:1000 intramuscularly (maximum 0.5 mg).
32
Naegele's rule
First day of last period + 7 days, minus 3 months.
33
Pre-eclampsia
Hypertension after 20 weeks with proteinuria or organ involvement.
34
Eclampsia seizure prevention
Magnesium sulphate; monitor reflexes, respiratory rate and urine output.
35
Gestational diabetes screening
75 g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks in low-risk women.
36
Anti-D immunoglobulin
Given to rhesus-negative women within 72 hours of a sensitising event.
37
Postpartum haemorrhage commonest cause
Uterine atony: massage, oxytocin and further uterotonics.
38
Placenta praevia warning
Painless bleeding; avoid digital vaginal examination.
39
Antenatal corticosteroids
Given between 24 and 34 weeks when preterm birth is expected.
40
Five rights of medication
Right patient, drug, dose, route and time.
41
SBAR
Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation for handover.

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