French Baccalaureat · Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (SVT)

Génétique, évolution et immunité

21 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 21 questions

  1. In a DNA double helix, which base pairs with adenine (A)?
  2. How many cells result from meiosis of one diploid cell, and what is their chromosome number compared with the parent cell?
  3. What is produced during transcription, and where does it happen in a human cell?
  4. Where does translation take place, and what does it produce?
  5. What is a codon?
  6. What is an allele?
  7. Two heterozygous parents (Aa x Aa) have a child. What is the probability that the child is aa, if A is dominant over a?
  8. What does natural selection state?
  9. Why are mutations important for evolution?
  10. In a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of a recessive genotype (aa) is 0.04. What is the frequency of heterozygous carriers (Aa)?
  11. In which kind of population is genetic drift strongest?
  12. The forelimbs of a human, a bat and a whale have the same bone plan but different functions. What does this show?
  13. What is the main way that a new species forms, according to the biological species concept?
  14. How does crossing over during prophase I of meiosis increase genetic diversity?
  15. Why are X-linked recessive traits, such as red-green colour blindness, more common in males than in females?
  16. A karyotype shows three copies of chromosome 21 in every cell. Which condition does this indicate?
  17. What is the purpose of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
  18. Which cells make antibodies?
  19. How does a vaccine protect a person?
  20. Why does the overuse of antibiotics lead to antibiotic-resistant bacteria?
  21. What happens to most enzymes at high temperature, such as 80 degrees Celsius?

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