Uzbekistan Presidential Schools Admission Test · Critical Thinking and Logic

Arguments and Inference

66 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 66 questions

  1. All students in Class 5 have a library card. Dilnoza is in Class 5. Which statement must be true?
  2. Every bridge in the town is closed on Mondays. The Old Bridge is in the town and today is Monday. What follows?
  3. A school argues: 'We should buy more books, because students who read more get better marks.' Which assumption does the argument need?
  4. Aziz was late on Tuesday, so the teacher says he is late every day. What is the main flaw?
  5. If it rains, the match is cancelled. The match was not cancelled. What must be true?
  6. Some birds cannot fly. Penguins are birds. Which conclusion is justified by these two statements alone?
  7. Lola is taller than Sardor. Sardor is taller than Timur. Umid is shorter than Timur. Malika is taller than Lola. Who is third tallest?
  8. A report says: 'The library is popular, because 300 people visited last Saturday.' Which fact most weakens this claim?
  9. A train and a bus both leave at 8:00. The train never arrives later than the bus. The bus arrives at 9:30. What must be true?
  10. Ali says: 'Vali is a liar.' Vali says: 'Ali and I both tell the truth.' Each person always lies or always tells the truth. What is the case?
  11. Hotel rule: guests may use the pool only if they have signed the form. Nargiza is a guest and is using the pool. What follows?
  12. Rule: guests may use the pool only if they have signed the form. Bekzod has signed the form. What can we conclude?
  13. Plants near a window grew taller than plants in a corner, so light makes plants grow taller. Which fact most strengthens this?
  14. Every square is a rectangle. Shape X is a square. Which statement is certainly true?
  15. Sevara says: 'If I finish my homework, I will go cycling.' She did not go cycling. What follows if she kept her word?
  16. A bakery sold all its bread by noon every day this week, so it should bake more tomorrow. Which assumption is behind this?
  17. Three boxes are labelled 'apples', 'oranges' and 'mixed'. All labels are wrong. You take one fruit from the box labelled 'mixed': it is an apple. What is in the box labelled 'oranges'?
  18. Which statement can be checked as true or false by measuring?
  19. Someone claims: 'All swans are white.' What single observation would prove the claim false?
  20. If the alarm sounds, the doors lock. If the doors lock, the lights flash. The lights are not flashing. What must be true?
  21. No reptile has fur. A gecko is a reptile. Which statement must be true?
  22. Madina is heavier than Sardor. Malika is heavier than Madina. Sardor is heavier than Jasur. Who is the lightest?
  23. Today is Thursday. What day of the week will it be in 50 days?
  24. In a code each letter is replaced by the letter 4 places later in the alphabet (A becomes E). What is the code for PEN?
  25. At a meeting, each of 6 people shakes hands once with each of the others. How many handshakes are there?
  26. All metals conduct electricity. Copper is a metal. Which conclusion must be true?
  27. Which number is not a perfect square: 9, 44, 100, 81, 49?
  28. How many squares of all sizes are there in a 3 × 3 grid of small squares?
  29. What is the smaller angle between the hands of a clock at half past 10?
  30. If 6 machines make 6 items in 6 minutes, how many minutes do 50 machines need to make 50 items?
  31. What is the sum of all whole numbers from 1 to 30?
  32. What comes next in the sequence 1, 3, 9, 27, 81, ...?
  33. Dilnoza is heavier than Bobur. Aziz is heavier than Madina. Madina is heavier than Dilnoza. Who is the heaviest?
  34. Today is Monday. What day of the week will it be in 365 days?
  35. In a code each letter is replaced by the letter 2 places later in the alphabet (A becomes C). What is the code for CAT?
  36. At a meeting, each of 13 people shakes hands once with each of the others. How many handshakes are there?
  37. All squares have four equal sides. This shape is a square. Which conclusion must be true?
  38. Which number does not belong with the others: 2, 16, 14, 23, 12?
  39. What is the smaller angle between the hands of a clock at 6 o'clock?
  40. If 8 machines make 8 items in 6 minutes, how many minutes do 100 machines need to make 100 items?
  41. What is the sum of all whole numbers from 1 to 20?
  42. What comes next in the sequence 7, 11, 15, 19, 23, ...?
  43. Rustam is older than Aziz. Aziz is older than Dilnoza. Who is the oldest?
  44. Today is Sunday. What day of the week will it be in 365 days?
  45. In a code each letter is replaced by the letter 1 place later in the alphabet (A becomes B). What is the code for MAP?
  46. At a meeting, each of 7 people shakes hands once with each of the others. How many handshakes are there?
  47. All squares have four equal sides. An object has the same property. Which statement is correct?
  48. Which number does not belong with the others: 24, 9, 3, 34, 15?
  49. If 3 machines make 3 items in 6 minutes, how many minutes do 100 machines need to make 100 items?
  50. What is the sum of all whole numbers from 1 to 80?
  51. What comes next in the sequence 4, 12, 36, 108, 324, ...?
  52. Bobur is older than Aziz. Timur is older than Madina. Madina is older than Bobur. Who is the youngest?
  53. Today is Friday. What day of the week will it be in 20 days?
  54. In a code each letter is replaced by the letter 1 place later in the alphabet (A becomes B). What is the code for CUP?
  55. At a meeting, each of 9 people shakes hands once with each of the others. How many handshakes are there?
  56. Some shirts are red. All red things are expensive. Which conclusion must be true?
  57. Which word does not belong with the others: Wednesday, Monday, Sunday, Tuesday, green?
  58. How many squares of all sizes are there in a 6 × 6 grid of small squares?
  59. If 5 machines make 5 items in 6 minutes, how many minutes do 50 machines need to make 50 items?
  60. What is the sum of all whole numbers from 1 to 60?
  61. What comes next in the sequence 20, 28, 36, 44, 52, ...?
  62. Zarina is faster than Jasur. Nodira is faster than Sardor. Sardor is faster than Zarina. Who is the fastest?
  63. Today is Thursday. What day of the week will it be in 365 days?
  64. At a meeting, each of 12 people shakes hands once with each of the others. How many handshakes are there?
  65. Malika is 4 times as old as Otabek. In 2 years Malika will be 3 times as old as Otabek. How old is Otabek now?
  66. Which number does not belong with the others: 20, 6, 15, 18, 12?

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