History and Independence

Early Republic, Parliamentary Era and Guided Democracy

26 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 26 questions

  1. On which date did President Sukarno officially proclaim the dissolution of the federal Republic of the United States of Indonesia (RIS) and the restoration of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indo…
  2. Which Masyumi parliamentary leader introduced the historic 'Mosi Integral' in April 1950, providing the legal and political mechanism to dissolve the federal RIS into the unitary Republic?
  3. Which affirmative economic program, introduced in 1950 by Trade Minister Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, aimed to foster indigenous (pribumi) Indonesian merchants by granting exclusive import licenses?
  4. What drastic monetary reform was enacted in March 1950 by Finance Minister Sjafruddin Prawiranegara, physically cutting De Javasche Bank banknotes in half to halve the money supply and raise forced st…
  5. Which parliamentary cabinet, serving from August 1953 to July 1955, successfully organized the Asian-African Conference in Bandung and finalized preparations for the 1955 General Election?
  6. Which four political parties captured the largest share of votes and seats in Indonesia's first democratic general election held in 1955?
  7. Which prime minister led the Masyumi-led cabinet that conducted the voting and tabulation of ballots for the historic September 1955 legislative election?
  8. Which regional rebellion, declared in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, in February 1958 by dissident military officers and politicians, formed a rival government to Jakarta?
  9. Which regional uprising in North and Central Sulawesi, proclaimed by Lt. Col. Ventje Sumual in March 1957, allied with PRRI and received covert air support from the US CIA?
  10. Which military operation, commanded by Colonel Ahmad Yani in April 1958, conducted amphibious and airborne assaults to retake Padang and Bukittinggi from PRRI rebel forces?
  11. Which armed Islamic state insurgency, initiated in West Java in August 1949 by Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosoewirjo, sought to establish the Islamic State of Indonesia (Negara Islam Indonesia)?
  12. Which military leader and former Islamic scholar led the DI/TII rebellion in Aceh from 1953 until resolving grievances through the 1959 consultative accord granting Aceh special province status?
  13. Which guerrilla commander in South Sulawesi led local fighters into the DI/TII movement in 1952 after the central military rejected incorporating all his guerrilla units into the regular army?
  14. What political concept did President Sukarno institute between 1959 and 1965, balancing power among the military, the Communist Party, and his personal presidency?
  15. Which tripartite ideological doctrine was propagated by Sukarno during Guided Democracy to synthesize Nationalism, Religion, and Communism under state unity?
  16. What official acronym was given to Sukarno's 1959 political manifesto outlining the five pillars: UUD 1945, Indonesian Socialism, Guided Democracy, Guided Economy, and National Identity?
  17. On 19 December 1961 in Yogyakarta, which military command campaign did Sukarno proclaim to liberate West Irian from Dutch colonial occupation?
  18. Which Indonesian Navy commodore and Deputy Chief of Naval Staff perished heroically aboard the torpedo boat KRI Macan Tutul during the Battle of Aru Sea on 15 January 1962?
  19. Which diplomatic agreement, mediated by US diplomat Ellsworth Bunker and signed at UN Headquarters on 15 August 1962, transferred administrative control of West Irian from the Netherlands to Indonesia…
  20. In May 1964, what military campaign did Sukarno launch to oppose the formation of the Federation of Malaysia under the popular mobilization slogan 'Ganyang Malaysia'?
  21. Why did Indonesia take the unprecedented step of temporarily withdrawing from the United Nations in January 1965?
  22. What mass nationalization movement occurred across Indonesia in December 1957, seizing Dutch banks, agricultural estates, and trading monopolies (The Big Five)?
  23. Which colonial central banking institution, established in Batavia in 1828, was officially nationalized by the Indonesian government in 1951 to become Bank Indonesia under Law No. 11/1953?
  24. Which major international sporting event, hosted by Jakarta in 1962, drove the construction of Gelora Bung Karno stadium, Hotel Indonesia, and the National Monument (Monas)?
  25. Which rival international games festival did Sukarno organize in Jakarta in November 1963, gathering 2,200 athletes from 48 non-aligned and communist nations to challenge the International Olympic Com…
  26. Which iconic cloverleaf highway overpass in Jakarta, inaugurated by Sukarno in 1962 to connect Senayan with Gatot Subroto and Sudirman avenues, was designed by Ir. Sutami?

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