History and Politics (Philippines)

Post-War Republics, Martial Law and the 1986 EDSA Revolution

25 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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All 25 questions

  1. Which popular Philippine President died tragically in a plane crash on Mount Manunggal in Cebu on March 17, 1957?
  2. Which Philippine President exercised the 'Filipino First Policy'?
  3. On what date was Proclamation No. 1081 officially dated, placing the entire Philippines under Martial Law by President Ferdinand Marcos?
  4. What constitution was ratified in January 1973 through controversial Citizen Assemblies ('show of hands')?
  5. What event on August 21, 1983 catalyzed widespread public outrage and galvanized the democratic opposition against the Marcos dictatorship?
  6. What snap election was held on February 7, 1986 where Corazon C. Aquino challenged President Ferdinand Marcos?
  7. What heroic walkout occurred on February 9, 1986 at the Philippine International Convention Center, demonstrating election rigging during the snap elections?
  8. Which key officials broke away from the Marcos government on February 22, 1986, seeking refuge in Camp Aguinaldo and Camp Crame?
  9. Which Catholic prelate made a historic radio broadcast over Radio Veritas on February 22, 1986, urging citizens to gather on EDSA to protect rebel troops?
  10. On February 25, 1986, where was Corazon C. Aquino officially sworn in as the first female President of the Philippines?
  11. What executive body was created by President Corazon Aquino through Executive Order No. 1 to recover ill-gotten wealth accumulated during the Marcos regime?
  12. What landmark agrarian reform legislation was signed into law by President Corazon Aquino on June 10, 1988 as Republic Act No. 6657?
  13. On September 16, 1991, what historic vote occurred in the Philippine Senate regarding the US military bases treaty?
  14. Which Philippine President instituted the 'Philippines 2000' socioeconomic program and signed a historic final peace agreement with the MNLF in 1996?
  15. What political crisis in January 2001 led to the peaceful EDSA II revolution and the elevation of Vice President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to the presidency?
  16. What 2013 law, Republic Act 10533, introduced the K to 12 curriculum?
  17. In 2013, the Philippines filed an international legal arbitration case against the People's Republic of China under Annex VII of UNCLOS challenging which territorial claim?
  18. What tragedy on November 8, 2013 devastated Eastern Visayas, especially Tacloban City, becoming one of the most powerful tropical cyclones ever recorded?
  19. Which Philippine President signed Republic Act No. 10931 in 2017?
  20. What five-month urban conflict began on May 23, 2017 when Islamic State-affiliated militants invaded Marawi?
  21. Who was the Filipino general who served as Secretary of Foreign Affairs and was known as the architect of the Maphilindo confederation concept in 1963?
  22. What was the name of the anti-corruption social movement and rally in August 2013 that gathered hundreds of thousands at Luneta Park to protest Priority Development Assistance Fund abuses?
  23. Which landmark statute enacted in December 2012 instituted a national reproductive healthcare and family planning framework in the Philippines?
  24. What economic reform enacted under President Fidel V. Ramos in 1995 opened domestic retail telecommunications to competition and broke the monopoly of PLDT?
  25. Which former President of the Philippines was convicted of plunder by the Sandiganbayan in 2007 but was subsequently granted an executive pardon?

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