History and Politics

The First Republic, Civil War (1967-1970) and Military Regimes

25 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 25 questions

  1. Who was Nigeria's first and only federal Prime Minister during the First Republic from 1960 to 1966?
  2. Which major constitutional decree promulgated by Major General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi in May 1966 abolished Nigeria's federal structure in favor of a unitary system?
  3. Which historic accord between Nigerian military leaders took place in Ghana in January 1967 in a bid to prevent national disintegration?
  4. On what date in May 1967 did General Yakubu Gowon divide Nigeria's four regions into twelve states to weaken regional secessionist pressures?
  5. What official slogan did General Yakubu Gowon proclaim at the conclusion of the Nigerian Civil War in January 1970 to promote national healing?
  6. Which federal scheme was established by Decree No. 24 of May 1973 to foster national integration among university and tertiary graduates?
  7. Which Nigerian head of state was overthrown in a bloodless military coup on 29 July 1975 while attending an OAU summit in Kampala, Uganda?
  8. Which respected jurist chaired the panel appointed in 1975 that recommended relocating Nigeria's federal capital from congested Lagos to Abuja?
  9. Which military officer led the abortive coup on 13 February 1976 during which Head of State General Murtala Ramat Muhammed was assassinated?
  10. Under whose leadership did the military government fulfill its transition timetable and hand over power to an elected civilian president on 1 October 1979?
  11. Who served as the executive President of Nigeria during the Second Republic from October 1979 to December 1983?
  12. Which infamous military decree promulgated in 1984 under the Buhari-Idiagbon regime prohibited publication of any report that brought the government into disrepute?
  13. What nationwide behavioral campaign was inaugurated in March 1984 by the Supreme Military Council led by Major General Muhammadu Buhari and Brigadier Tunde Idiagbon?
  14. Which economic stabilization framework was introduced by General Ibrahim Babangida's regime in 1986 following the rejection of an IMF loan?
  15. Which two political parties were established by executive fiat in 1989 by General Ibrahim Babangida to participate in the Third Republic transition?
  16. Who led the bloody abortive military coup of 22 April 1990 against General Babangida, which attempted to excise five far-northern states from the federation?
  17. On which exact date did General Ibrahim Babangida formally relocate the seat of Nigeria's federal government from Lagos to Abuja?
  18. Who was widely recognized as the winner of the historic and peaceful presidential election held in Nigeria on 12 June 1993?
  19. Who was appointed by General Babangida to head the short-lived Interim National Government following his exit from office in August 1993?
  20. On what date did General Sani Abacha force Chief Ernest Shonekan to resign, establishing a new military regime that dismantled democratic structures?
  21. The execution of environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight other Ogoni leaders in November 1995 led immediately to which international sanction against Nigeria?
  22. How many states were created by General Sani Abacha on 1 October 1996, bringing Nigeria to its current structure of 36 states?
  23. Which public corporation was created in 1994 by the Abacha administration to rehabilitate national infrastructure using surplus petroleum revenue?
  24. Who became Nigeria's military head of state following the sudden death of General Sani Abacha on 8 June 1998, overseeing the rapid transition to civilian democracy?
  25. Which electoral commission was established in August 1998 under the chairmanship of Justice Ephraim Akpata to conduct the transition elections of 1998–1999?

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