Romanian Geography and Nature

Geography And Nature

134 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 134 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Bucharest with the correct year: Bucharest was first mentioned in ______, and became a centre of Wallachian commerce and governance in the 16th and 17th centuries.
  2. Complete the sentence about Bucharest with the correct year: In ______, the historical city centre was listed as "endangered" by the World Monuments Watch.
  3. Complete the sentence about Cluj-Napoca with the correct year: For some decades prior to the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ______, it was the official capital of the Grand Principality of Transylvaniā€¦
  4. Complete the sentence about Iași with the correct year: In December ______, Iași was officially declared the Historical Capital of Romania.
  5. Complete the sentence about Craiova with the correct year: The last four were a separate commune called Cernele until ______, when they were merged into the city.
  6. Complete the sentence about Craiova with the correct year: In ______, under Prince Constantine Mavrocordatos, the bans relocated to Bucharest, leaving behind kaymakams to represent them in Craiova.
  7. Complete the sentence about Craiova with the correct year: A large part of the city was burned down by the rebel pasha Osman Pazvantoğlu in ______.
  8. Complete the sentence about Brașov with the correct year: In ______, by order of King Andrew II of Hungary, the Teutonic Knights fortified the Burzenland to defend the border of the Kingdom of Hungaryā€¦
  9. Complete the sentence about Brăila with the correct year: The village fell to the Mongols during the ______ Mongol invasion of Europe and it was under direct control of the rulers of Argeș in mid-14thā€¦
  10. Complete the sentence about Brăila with the correct year: Following the fall of Vicina, Brăila developed as the main harbour of Wallachia, gaining the town status around ______.
  11. Complete the sentence about Brăila with the correct year: In ______, Johann Schiltberger writes that Brăila was the place where ships docked, bringing "goods from heathen lands".
  12. Complete the sentence about Brăila with the correct year: Foreign merchants bringing goods were forced to unload their merchandise in Brăila, as it can be understood from a ______ account of Walerandā€¦
  13. Complete the sentence about Brăila with the correct year: A ______ Ottoman account tells about the arrival of 70-80 ships in Brăila, bringing goods from Asia Minor and Crimea.
  14. Complete the sentence about Pitești with the correct year: The first recorded mention of Pitești itself was on May 20, ______, when Wallachian Prince Mircea I granted a gristmill in the area to Coziaā€¦
  15. Complete the sentence about Pitești with the correct year: Constantin Șerban financed the building of the Orthodox Saint George Church, completed in ______.
  16. Complete the sentence about Sibiu with the correct year: Until ______, the Hecht house in Sibiu served as the seat of the Transylvanian Saxon University.
  17. Complete the sentence about Sibiu with the correct year: Separately, in ______, the historical center of Sibiu was added to Romania's tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, but has not yet beeā€¦
  18. Complete the sentence about Sibiu with the correct year: In ______, Forbes ranked Sibiu as "Europe's 8th-most idyllic place to live".
  19. Complete the sentence about TĆ¢rgu Mureș with the correct year: In ______, Gabriel Bethlen gave the name MarosvĆ”sĆ”rhely to the newly upgraded royal free city.
  20. Complete the sentence about TĆ¢rgu Mureș with the correct year: After World War II, the spelling of the city's name was changed to TĆ®rgu Mureș, following a ______ spelling reform that replaced the lettā€¦
  21. Complete the sentence about TĆ¢rgu Mureș with the correct year: Another spelling reform in ______ changed Ć® back to Ć¢ in some words, and the city's name has since been officially spelled "TĆ¢rgu Mureș".
  22. Complete the sentence about TĆ¢rgu Mureș with the correct year: Prior to ______ a Dominican church stood where the Fortress' Church is now sited, up until the Mongol invasion, when it was destroyed.
  23. Complete the sentence about TĆ¢rgu Mureș with the correct year: The current Fortress' Church was built by the Franciscans in a new Gothic-style around ______.
  24. Complete the sentence about TĆ¢rgu Mureș with the correct year: In ______, the King of Hungary Sigismund of Luxembourg granted the city the right to organize fairs.
  25. Complete the sentence about Baia Mare with the correct year: In ______ the town was identified in documents by Louis I of Hungary as an important medieval town with a prosperous mining industry.
  26. Complete the sentence about Baia Mare with the correct year: The first school, named Schola Rivulina, was opened in Baia Mare in ______ by the Reformed Church following the Protestant Reformation.
  27. Complete the sentence about Baia Mare with the correct year: In ______ Pintea Viteazul and his band managed to free the town for a short period of time from the Austrian rule, under which it belongedā€¦
  28. Complete the sentence about Baia Mare with the correct year: In ______ the city's mining industry made a leap forward when the Austrian authorities created the headquarters of "Superior Mining".
  29. Complete the sentence about Botoșani with the correct year: Botoșani is first mentioned in ______, in which one chronicle says that "the Mongols came and pillaged all the way to Botușani".
  30. Complete the sentence about Botoșani with the correct year: In ______, Moldavian voivode Stephen the Great defeated the Ottoman army of Sultan Bayezid II near Botușani.
  31. Complete the sentence about Botoșani with the correct year: By ______ it already had "the biggest and the oldest fair of Moldavia".
  32. Complete the sentence about Suceava with the correct year: In the wake of World War I, after ______, along with the rest of Bukovina, Suceava became part of the then newly enlarged Kingdom of Romania.
  33. Complete the sentence about Suceava with the correct year: The town was the capital of the lands of Stephen the Great, one of the pivotal royal figures in Romanian history, who died in Suceava in ____ā€¦
  34. Complete the sentence about Suceava with the correct year: During the rule of Alexandru Lăpușneanu, the seat was moved to Iași in ______ and Suceava failed to become the capital again.
  35. Complete the sentence about Piatra Neamț with the correct year: According to local tradition, a synagogue existed by the mid-16th century, although the earliest surviving physical evidence of a Jewishā€¦
  36. Complete the sentence about Drobeta-Turnu Severin with the correct year: The knights withdrew in ______, while the fortress remained in the range of the cannons of Turks, Bulgarians and Tatars who wanā€¦
  37. Complete the sentence about TĆ¢rgu Jiu with the correct year: The first written account of the city appears in a document dating from 23 November ______ in an order signed by Mircea cel Batran.
  38. Complete the sentence about Focșani with the correct year: A congress between Imperial Russian and Ottoman diplomats took place near the city in ______.
  39. Complete the sentence about Focșani with the correct year: From ______, it housed a Central Commission regulating the common legislation of the two principalities, as well as the High Court of Justiceā€¦
  40. Complete the sentence about Focșani with the correct year: In ______, during the Romanian Campaign of World War I, Focșani and Galați were part of a line of fortifications known as the Siret Line.
  41. Complete the sentence about Focșani with the correct year: The Armistice of Focșani was signed in the city on 9 December ______ between the Kingdom of Romania and the Central Powers.
  42. Complete the sentence about Bistrița with the correct year: Transylvanian Saxons settled the area in ______ and called the region Nƶsnerland.
  43. Complete the sentence about Bistrița with the correct year: In ______ the Romanian population was expelled by the Saxon magistrates, but they returned later.
  44. Complete the sentence about Alba Iulia with the correct year: In December ______, Alba Iulia was officially declared Capital of the Great Union of Romania.
  45. Complete the sentence about Deva, Romania with the correct year: Partially destroyed by the Ottoman Turks in ______, it was afterward rebuilt and the fortress extended.
  46. Complete the sentence about Deva, Romania with the correct year: In ______, he set up a press that printed classical Hebrew works.
  47. Complete the sentence about Deva, Romania with the correct year: On 5 December ______, during the National Legionary State, Jewish merchants were forced to give up their shops to members of the rulingā€¦
  48. Complete the sentence about Hunedoara with the correct year: Starting from the year ______ Transylvania became part of the Hungarian Kingdom.
  49. Complete the sentence about Sighișoara with the correct year: The chronicler Krauss lists a Saxon settlement in present-day Sighișoara by ______.
  50. Complete the sentence about Sighișoara with the correct year: A document of ______ records a town built on the site of a Roman fort as Castrum Sex or "six-sided camp", referring to the fort's shape ofā€¦
  51. Complete the sentence about Sighișoara with the correct year: The Romanian name is first attested in ______, and derives from the Hungarian SegesvĆ”r, where vĆ”r is "fort".
  52. Complete the sentence about Sighișoara with the correct year: The town was the setting for George I RĆ”kĆ³czi's election as Prince of Transylvania and King of Hungary in ______.
  53. Complete the sentence about Sulina with the correct year: According to an ______ estimate, the town then had a total population of 800, consisting of 350 Greeks, 150 Turks, 50 Romanians, 50 Russian Olā€¦
  54. Complete the sentence about Sulina with the correct year: In November ______, the German submarine UC-15 was sent on a minelaying mission off Sulina and never returned, being sunk by her own mines.
  55. Complete the sentence about Sighetu Marmației with the correct year: In ______, it was a free royal town and the capital of MĆ”ramaros comitatus, just outside Transylvania.
  56. Complete the sentence about Curtea de Argeș with the correct year: CĆ¢mpulung was the seat of Basarab I, the voivode of Wallachia, who was first mentioned in a document written in ______ at the court oā€¦
  57. Complete the sentence about Curtea de Argeș with the correct year: The next year, a conflict broke out between the two and in ______, Charles I organized an expedition against the "unfaithful" Basarabā€¦
  58. Complete the sentence about Curtea de Argeș with the correct year: The following rulers used both Argeș and TĆ¢rgoviște as the seats of the court and traveler Johann Schiltberger mentioned that in ____ā€¦
  59. Complete the sentence about Slatina, Romania with the correct year: The town of Slatina was first mentioned on January 20, ______ in an official document issued by Vladislav I Vlaicu, Prince of Wallacā€¦
  60. Complete the sentence about Giurgiu with the correct year: The rich grain-growing land to the north is traversed by a railway to Bucharest, the first line opened in Romania, which was built in ______ā€¦
  61. Complete the sentence about Giurgiu with the correct year: In ______, the Ottomans built the historic Giurgiu Clocktower as a surveillance tower for Danube traffic.
  62. Complete the sentence about Giurgiu with the correct year: In ______, its fortifications were finally razed, the only defence left being a castle on the island of Slobozia, connected to the shore by aā€¦
  63. Complete the sentence about Zalău with the correct year: The trusteeship was maintained until ______, when Zalău became part of Principality of Transylvania.
  64. Complete the sentence about Roman, Romania with the correct year: Roman became a diocesan see in September 14, ______, when Voivode Roman I's son, Alexandru cel Bun, established an Orthodox bishopricā€¦
  65. Complete the sentence about Roman, Romania with the correct year: The representatives of the Catholic population of Roman, shepherded by the Bishop of Baia, attended the Council of Constance in ______ā€¦
  66. Complete the sentence about Roman, Romania with the correct year: In ______, the fortress resisted the siege of the Hungarian army under King Matthias Corvinus, before the Battle of Baia.
  67. Complete the sentence about Roman, Romania with the correct year: In ______, an Ottoman army, led by Mehmed II, besieged the new fortress again, with the Moldavians retreating after the Battle of Valeā€¦
  68. Complete the sentence about Roman, Romania with the correct year: Petru Rareș ordered the construction of a new episcopal see on the same spot in ______.
  69. Complete the sentence about Vaslui with the correct year: The name of Vaslui appears first in a Polish document from ______, referring to Koriat's son Yuri Koriatovich.
  70. Complete the sentence about Vaslui with the correct year: In ______, Prince Stephen won his greatest battle against the Ottoman Empire in the Vaslui area.
  71. Complete the sentence about Vaslui with the correct year: In ______, Jews formed 37% of the population, and Vaslui was home to the Vasloi Hasidic dynasty.
  72. Complete the sentence about Bran Castle with the correct year: The castle was built by Saxons in ______ who were given the privilege by Louis I of Hungary.
  73. Complete the sentence about Bran Castle with the correct year: In ______, the Teutonic Order received this land as a gift from Andrew II to ensure the protection of Hungary from the Cumans.
  74. Complete the sentence about Bran Castle with the correct year: A ______ document confirms that the Tƶrzburg county had once belonged to Commander Dietrich of the Teutonic Order.
  75. Complete the sentence about Peleș Castle with the correct year: The King commissioned the construction of a royal hunting preserve and summer retreat on the property, and the foundation was laid for Pā€¦
  76. Complete the sentence about Peleș Castle with the correct year: Peleș Castle had its official Royal Ball of Inauguration on 7 October ______.
  77. Complete the sentence about Corvin Castle with the correct year: In ______, John Hunyadi died, and work on the castle stagnated.
  78. Complete the sentence about Corvin Castle with the correct year: Starting with ______, new commissions were being undertaken to construct the Matia Wing of the castle.
  79. Complete the sentence about Corvin Castle with the correct year: In ______, work was completely stopped on the castle, and it was recognised as being one of the biggest and most impressive buildings iā€¦
  80. Complete the sentence about Palace of the Parliament with the correct year: The Vrancea earthquake of 4 March ______ gave Ceaușescu a pretext to demolish parts of old Bucharest.
  81. Complete the sentence about Palace of the Parliament with the correct year: Named Project Bucharest, it began in ______ as an intended replica of the North Korean capital, Pyongyang.
  82. Complete the sentence about Romanian Athenaeum with the correct year: In ______, cultural and scientific personalities such as Constantin Esarcu, V.
  83. Complete the sentence about Voroneț Monastery with the correct year: The monastery was constructed by Stephen the Great in ______ over a period of 3 months and 3 weeks to commemorate the victory at Baā€¦
  84. Complete the sentence about Voroneț Monastery with the correct year: In ______, the Metropolitan Bishop of Moldavia Grigorie Roșca added the exonarthex to the west end of the church and had the exteriā€¦
  85. Complete the sentence about Voroneț Monastery with the correct year: The monastery was deserted soon after ______, when the Habsburg monarchy annexed the northern part of Moldavia.
  86. Complete the sentence about Danube with the correct year: The Middle Mongolian name for the Danube was transliterated as Tho-na in ______ by Jean-Pierre Abel-RĆ©musat.
  87. Complete the sentence about Danube with the correct year: The amount of goods transported on the Danube increased to about 100 million tons in ______.
  88. Complete the sentence about Danube with the correct year: In ______, transport on the river was made difficult by the NATO bombing of three bridges in Serbia during the Kosovo War.
  89. Complete the sentence about Iron Gates with the correct year: A wider protected area on the Serbian side was declared a UNESCO global geopark in July ______.
  90. Complete the sentence about Iron Gates with the correct year: The construction of the joint Romanian-Yugoslavian mega project commenced in ______.
  91. Complete the sentence about Prut with the correct year: In ______, the Ottoman army of Suleiman the Magnificent crossed the Prut during the campaign of Karaboğdan.
  92. Complete the sentence about Prut with the correct year: In ______, the Greek Nationalist leader Alexander Ypsilantis crossed the Prut river at Sculeni, with the intention of touching off a rebellion iā€¦
  93. Complete the sentence about Someș with the correct year: In the spring of ______, due to heavy rains, the Someș flooded part of Satu Mare and surrounding plains.
  94. Complete the sentence about Bucegi Mountains with the correct year: Since ______, part of the Bucegi Mountains has been included in the list of protected areas in Romania, with national park status.
  95. Complete the sentence about Retezat Mountains with the correct year: In ______, 20 alpine marmots, brought from the Austrian Alps, were introduced in the park and released in the Gemenele glacier lakeā€¦
  96. Complete the sentence about Ceahlău Massif with the correct year: The absolute maximum temperature recorded at Toaca is 30.5 Ā°C, measured in August ______.
  97. Complete the sentence about Lake BĆ¢lea with the correct year: On 17 April ______, an avalanche killed 23 skiers who had gathered near BĆ¢lea lake.
  98. Complete the sentence about Red Lake with the correct year: The lake formed following the collapse of a slope due to the earthquake of January 23, ______ at 18:45, measuring 6.9 magnitude on the Richtā€¦
  99. Complete the sentence about Red Lake with the correct year: According to Franz Herbich, the Red Lake was formed in ______.
  100. Complete the sentence about Transylvania with the correct year: In ______, the Habsburg monarchy gained possession of Transylvania through the Hungarian crown.

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