Brazilian Geography and Nature

Geography And Nature

143 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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All 143 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about São Paulo with the correct year: Founded in ______ by Jesuit priests, São Paulo is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities on the American continents.
  2. Complete the sentence about Rio de Janeiro with the correct year: Founded in ______, the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, a domain of the Portuguese Empire.
  3. Complete the sentence about Rio de Janeiro with the correct year: In ______, when the Portuguese Royal Court moved to Brazil, Rio de Janeiro became the seat of the court of Queen Maria I of Portugal.
  4. Complete the sentence about Rio de Janeiro with the correct year: Rio remained as the capital of the pluricontinental monarchy until ______, when the Brazilian War of Independence began.
  5. Complete the sentence about Brasília with the correct year: Brasília was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in ______ due to its modernist architecture and uniquely artistic urban planning.
  6. Complete the sentence about Fortaleza with the correct year: After a victory over the French in ______, Martins Soares Moreno expanded the Fort of São Tiago and changed its name to Forte de São Sebast…
  7. Complete the sentence about Fortaleza with the correct year: In battles with the Portuguese and natives in ______ the fort was destroyed.
  8. Complete the sentence with the correct year: The city was founded in ______ as the Fort of São José do Rio Negro.
  9. Complete the sentence about Manaus with the correct year: The history of the European colonization of Manaus began in ______ with the Spanish arrival at the mouth of the Amazon River.
  10. Complete the sentence about Manaus with the correct year: On November 13, ______, Lugar da Barra was elevated to town status and named Manaus.
  11. Complete the sentence about Curitiba with the correct year: Curitiba is an important cultural, political, and economic center in Latin America and hosts the Federal University of Paraná, established i…
  12. Complete the sentence about Belém with the correct year: On January 12, ______, he anchored in what is now known as Guajará Bay, formed by the confluence of the Para and Guamá Rivers, called by the Tu…
  13. Complete the sentence about Goiânia with the correct year: Goiânia has its origins as a planned city, founded on October 24, ______, by then Governor Pedro Ludovico to serve as the new state capital a…
  14. Complete the sentence about Guarulhos with the correct year: The name of the indigenous settlement founded in ______ that gave rise to the city was 'Conceição dos Guarulhos', in reference to Our Lady…
  15. Complete the sentence about Guarulhos with the correct year: Guarulhos was founded on December 8, ______, by Jesuit priest Manuel de Paiva and named Nossa Senhora da Conceição.
  16. Complete the sentence about Guarulhos with the correct year: In ______, Guarulhos separated from São Paulo and was named Nossa Senhora da Conceição dos Guarulhos.
  17. Complete the sentence about Campinas with the correct year: The construction of a railway linking the city of São Paulo to Santos' seaport, in ______, was very important for its growth.
  18. Complete the sentence about São Luís, Maranhão with the correct year: Portugal conquered the settlement in ______ in the battle of Guaxenduba and renamed the city São Luís.
  19. Complete the sentence about São Luís, Maranhão with the correct year: São Luís was invaded and occupied by the Dutch on November ______ as part of the wider Dutch invasion of Brazil.
  20. Complete the sentence about São Luís, Maranhão with the correct year: The Dutch surrendered to José Constantino Gomes de Castro and abandoned Maranhão on February 28, ______.
  21. Complete the sentence about São Luís, Maranhão with the correct year: In ______, the city was made the seat of the new Roman Catholic Diocese of São Luís do Maranhão.
  22. Complete the sentence about Maceió with the correct year: Prosperity made it possible for the settlement to become a village on December 5, ______.
  23. Complete the sentence about Maceió with the correct year: Thanks to its continued growth, Maceió became the capital of the Alagoas state on December 9, ______.
  24. Complete the sentence about Natal, Rio Grande do Norte with the correct year: The Captaincy of Rio Grande began in ______, with the arrival of a fleet commanded by Aires da Cunha, acting on behalf of…
  25. Complete the sentence about Natal, Rio Grande do Norte with the correct year: On 25 December ______, a new squadron entered the mouth of what is now the Potengi River.
  26. Complete the sentence about Natal, Rio Grande do Norte with the correct year: The following year, on 25 December ______, a mass was celebrated where the Parish Church of Our Lady of the Presentation n…
  27. Complete the sentence about Aracaju with the correct year: The land of present-day Aracaju was located in a sesmaria given to Pero Gonçalves by the Portuguese crown around ______.
  28. Complete the sentence about Aracaju with the correct year: A village called Santo Antônio de Aracaju was recorded in ______.
  29. Complete the sentence about Foz do Iguaçu with the correct year: In ______, it received from the Brazilian Ministry of Tourism 10 awards for Best Practices and Competitiveness Index.
  30. Complete the sentence about Foz do Iguaçu with the correct year: In ______, a Spanish explorer, Cabeza de Vaca, found the falls while travelling down the river.
  31. Complete the sentence about Ouro Preto with the correct year: In ______, at Rio das Velhas, Manuel Borba Gato discovered gold, the start of the Brazilian Gold Rush.
  32. Complete the sentence about Ouro Preto with the correct year: In ______, the Estrada Real was established by the crown to promote development of the interior, reaching from the coast through Ouro Pret…
  33. Complete the sentence about Ouro Preto with the correct year: In ______, several small settlements were united as a municipality called Villa Rica, which later came to be called Ouro Preto.
  34. Complete the sentence with the correct year: The coat of arms shown on the flag was adopted on November 30, ______.
  35. Complete the sentence about Búzios with the correct year: Armação dos Búzios remained almost unknown until ______, when the French actress Brigitte Bardot visited the small village.
  36. Complete the sentence about Búzios with the correct year: In ______, Antonio Alipio da Silva was the first political representative to initiate a political life in Búzios.
  37. Complete the sentence about Petrópolis with the correct year: As the priest's sister and heiress refused to sell his property, the Emperor bought the neighboring one, called the Córrego Seco Farm, in…
  38. Complete the sentence about Gramado with the correct year: Gramado was originally settled in ______ by Portuguese immigrants.
  39. Complete the sentence about Gramado with the correct year: In ______, the city seat was moved to Linha Nova, the location of the present-day city center.
  40. Complete the sentence about Gramado with the correct year: A railway, brought by Gramado's founder and first administrator, José Nicoletti Filho, arrived in the city in ______, boosting the local econ…
  41. Complete the sentence about Gramado with the correct year: Gramado officially became a city in ______, when Gramado was already known as a summer holiday resort.
  42. Complete the sentence about Gramado with the correct year: Gramado Government is in a strong mayor-council government model, as set forth by the Brazilian Constitution of ______.
  43. Complete the sentence about Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul with the correct year: The official foundation of the town took place on February 24, ______, by Captain Ignácio de Faria, Falcão's son-in-law.
  44. Complete the sentence about Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul with the correct year: By state law no. 693 of November 11, ______, the district of Bonito was created, separated from the municipality of Mirand…
  45. Complete the sentence about Bonito, Mato Grosso do Sul with the correct year: With the creation of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul by federal complementary law no. 31 of October 11, ______, Bonito bec…
  46. Complete the sentence about Rio Branco, Acre with the correct year: The capital of the state of Acre developed from the rubber plantation founded on December 28, ______, by migrant settlers from the N…
  47. Complete the sentence about Rio Branco, Acre with the correct year: By August ______, Villa Rio Branco had become the main urban center of the entire Acre valley, and was the richest and most producti…
  48. Complete the sentence about Macapá with the correct year: The modern town began as the base of a Portuguese military detachment, stationed there in ______.
  49. Complete the sentence about Macapá with the correct year: Macapá experienced an intense hurricane in the Summer of ______ causing extensive damage to the fortifications there but leaving much of the c…
  50. Complete the sentence about Macapá with the correct year: Around ______ Macapá a strange, month-long storm caused flooding upwards of six inches a day for the region.
  51. Complete the sentence about Palmas, Tocantins with the correct year: Tocantins's capital, Miracema do Tocantins, was replaced by Palmas upon the city's creation during ______.
  52. Complete the sentence about Pantanal with the correct year: According to ______ data, there were 10 million caimans in the Pantanal, making it the highest concentration of crocodilians in the world.
  53. Complete the sentence about Pantanal with the correct year: The park was designated a Ramsar Site of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention on May 24, ______.
  54. Complete the sentence about Atlantic Forest with the correct year: The threatened existence of the golden lion tamarin sparked global interest in the Atlantic Forest in ______.
  55. Complete the sentence about Iguazu Falls with the correct year: The first European to record the existence of the falls was the Spanish Conquistador Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca in ______.
  56. Complete the sentence about São Francisco River with the correct year: The Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci first saw the river on 4 October ______.
  57. Complete the sentence about São Francisco River with the correct year: In ______ the British explorer and diplomat Richard Francis Burton was transferred to Santos in Brazil.
  58. Complete the sentence about Paraná River with the correct year: The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in ______, while working for Spain.
  59. Complete the sentence about Paraná River with the correct year: The falls were flooded, however, by the construction of the Itaipu Dam, which began operating in ______.
  60. Complete the sentence about Paraná River with the correct year: The bilateral agreement between Argentina and Paraguay for the construction of a bridge over the river was signed in October ______.
  61. Complete the sentence about Rio Negro with the correct year: The river was named by the Spanish explorer Francisco de Orellana, who first came upon it in ______.
  62. Complete the sentence about Rio Negro with the correct year: After ______, slaving along the river was common, and Native American populations were greatly diminished after contact with Eurasian disea…
  63. Complete the sentence about Rio Negro with the correct year: In ______ German scientist Alexander von Humboldt and French botanist Aimé Bonpland explored the river.
  64. Complete the sentence about Madeira River with the correct year: A map from Emanuel Bowen in ______, held by the David Rumsey Map Collection, refers to the Madeira by the pre-colonial, indigenous name…
  65. Complete the sentence about Madeira River with the correct year: Before ______ the falls of Teotônio and of San Antônio existed here, they had higher flow rate and bigger level drop than more famous B…
  66. Complete the sentence about Chapada Diamantina with the correct year: In ______, the Chapada Diamantina National Park was created with its headquarters in Palmeiras.
  67. Complete the sentence about Fernando de Noronha with the correct year: In ______, 70% of the area of Fernando de Noronha was established as a national marine park.
  68. Complete the sentence about Fernando de Noronha with the correct year: In ______, UNESCO designated the islands as a World Heritage Site because of their importance as a feeding ground for tuna, shark…
  69. Complete the sentence about Fernando de Noronha with the correct year: The island's existence was reported to Lisbon sometime between then and January 16, ______, when King Manuel I of Portugal issued…
  70. Complete the sentence about Fernando de Noronha with the correct year: The Cantino map was composed by an anonymous Portuguese cartographer, and completed before November ______, well before the Coelh…
  71. Complete the sentence about Fernando de Noronha with the correct year: In his account, Vespucci does not mention the name of the captain of this ______ mapping expedition, and his identity has been wi…
  72. Complete the sentence about Ilha Grande with the correct year: The Cândido Mendes Penal Colony, which housed some of the most dangerous offenders in Brazil, was closed in ______.
  73. Complete the sentence about Ilha Grande with the correct year: On 1 January ______, devastating mudslides killed at least 19 people on the island.
  74. Complete the sentence about Marajó with the correct year: The island was the site of an advanced pre-Cabraline society, the Marajoara culture, which existed from approximately 400 BC to ______ AD.
  75. Complete the sentence about Mount Roraima with the correct year: Western exploration of Mount Roraima did not begin until the 19th century, when it was first climbed by a British expedition in ______.
  76. Complete the sentence about Mount Roraima with the correct year: European discovery was in ______, during a Spanish and British race to colonize this part of South America.
  77. Complete the sentence about Mount Roraima with the correct year: In ______, the British government commissioned him to establish the boundaries between British Guiana and Venezuela.
  78. Complete the sentence about Christ the Redeemer with the correct year: The Catholic Circle of Rio made a second proposal for a landmark statue on the mountain in ______.
  79. Complete the sentence about Christ the Redeemer with the correct year: In ______, Landowski commissioned fellow Parisian Romanian sculptor Gheorghe Leonida, who studied sculpture at the Fine Arts Cons…
  80. Complete the sentence about Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro with the correct year: The area served as one of the four "Olympic Zones" during the ______ Summer Olympics.
  81. Complete the sentence about Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro with the correct year: Copacabana has the 12th highest Human Development Index in Rio; the ______ census put the HDI of Copacabana at 0.902.
  82. Complete the sentence about Ipanema with the correct year: The neighbourhood in Rio de Janeiro was named after José Antônio Moreira Filho, 2nd Baron of Ipanema, who in ______ created the first urban s…
  83. Complete the sentence about Ipanema with the correct year: In ______, the Travel Channel listed Ipanema Beach as the sexiest beach in the world.
  84. Complete the sentence about Serra da Mantiqueira with the correct year: Snow is rare, but it has been recorded a few times, such as in the winter of ______, when it snowed in the Itatiaia massif.
  85. Complete the sentence about Itaipu Dam with the correct year: On April 26, ______, Brazil and Paraguay signed the Itaipu Treaty, the legal instrument for the hydroelectric exploitation of the Paraná R…
  86. Complete the sentence about Itaipu Dam with the correct year: On May 17, ______, the Itaipu Binacional entity was created to administer the plant's construction.
  87. Complete the sentence about Belo Monte Dam with the correct year: CNEC completed its study in ______ and identified the possibility of constructing five dams on the Xingu River and one dam on the Irir…
  88. Complete the sentence about Belo Monte Dam with the correct year: Original plans for the project, based on the ______ study, included two dams close to Belo Monte.
  89. Complete the sentence about Tucuruí Dam with the correct year: In ______, Brazilian President Emílio Médici was asked to assign funding for a dam on the Tocantins.
  90. Complete the sentence about Todos os Santos Bay with the correct year: In ______, one year after the arrival of Pedro Álvares Cabral's fleet in Porto Seguro, Gaspar de Lemos arrived at the Bay of All…
  91. Complete the sentence about Pelourinho with the correct year: The Historic Center of Salvador as a whole was listed as a national heritage site by the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Herit…
  92. Complete the sentence about Avenida Paulista with the correct year: The first multi-story building on the avenue was a seven-story structure at the corner of Paulista and Frei Caneca constructed in __…
  93. Complete the sentence about Avenida Paulista with the correct year: Paulista Avenue again underwent significant structural renovation in ______.
  94. Complete the sentence about Brasília Cathedral with the correct year: The walls of the baptistery are covered in ceramic tiles painted in ______ by Athos Bulcão.
  95. Complete the sentence about South Region, Brazil with the correct year: The first German immigrants came to Brazil soon after it gained independence in ______ from Portugal.
  96. Complete the sentence with the correct year: The first immigrants arrived in ______, settling in the city of São Leopoldo.
  97. Complete the sentence about South Region, Brazil with the correct year: The Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi joined the rebels in ______.
  98. Complete the sentence about States of Brazil with the correct year: The first such captaincy was the island of São João, granted in ______ to Fernão de Loronha.
  99. Complete the sentence about States of Brazil with the correct year: In ______, the northern part of the dominion was detached, becoming a separate entity known as the State of Maranhão.
  100. Complete the sentence about States of Brazil with the correct year: After the union ended, Portugal asserted its territorial claims, which Spain eventually accepted with the Treaty of Madrid in ______…

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