Latvian Geography and Nature

Geography And Nature

176 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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All 176 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Riga with the correct year: German traders began visiting Riga, establishing a nearby outpost in ______.
  2. Complete the sentence about Riga with the correct year: The Livs, however, continued to practice paganism and Meinhard died in Uexküll in ______, having failed in his mission.
  3. Complete the sentence about Riga with the correct year: In ______, the Bishop Berthold arrived with a contingent of crusaders and commenced a campaign of forced Christianization.
  4. Complete the sentence about Riga with the correct year: Bishop Albert was proclaimed Bishop of Livonia by his uncle Hartwig of Uthlede, Prince-Archbishop of Bremen and Hamburg in ______.
  5. Complete the sentence about Daugavpils with the correct year: Following the first partition of Poland in ______, the city became part of the Russian Empire.
  6. Complete the sentence about Daugavpils with the correct year: In ______ the Russian tsar Ivan the Terrible captured and destroyed Dünaburg castle.
  7. Complete the sentence about Daugavpils with the correct year: In ______, Russia invaded Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, seizing much of the eastern lands.
  8. Complete the sentence about Liepāja with the correct year: The Lettish name Liepāja was mentioned for the first time in ______ by Paul Einhorn in his work Historia Lettica.
  9. Complete the sentence about Liepāja with the correct year: The Teutonic Order established a village which they called Libau here in ______, followed by Mitau two years later.
  10. Complete the sentence about Liepāja with the correct year: In ______ the village was sacked and burned by the Lithuanians.
  11. Complete the sentence about Jelgava with the correct year: Using Mitau as a southern fortress, the German knights subdued the surrounding Livonians and Semigallians by ______.
  12. Complete the sentence about Jelgava with the correct year: The town rose in importance as a defensive fixture against the Lithuanians to the south, who succeeded in plundering Mitau in ______.
  13. Complete the sentence about Jelgava with the correct year: When the Duchy of Courland split in ______, Mitau became the residence of Duke Friedrich Kettler of Semigallia.
  14. Complete the sentence about Jūrmala with the correct year: During World War II, Jūrmala lost its autonomy, and by ______, it was a district of Riga.
  15. Complete the sentence about Jūrmala with the correct year: In ______, an organized Jewish community was formally established in Bulduri.
  16. Complete the sentence about Jūrmala with the correct year: In ______, the first synagogue was built under the initiative of Mordechai Lezhik, a Jewish shoemaker and military veteran, with the support…
  17. Complete the sentence about Jūrmala with the correct year: The main synagogue in Bulduri was renovated and expanded, and on 14 August ______, a new and architecturally significant building was inaugur…
  18. Complete the sentence about Ventspils with the correct year: During the Polish-Swedish War and the Great Northern War, Ventspils was destroyed, and in ______ a plague wiped out most of the remaining i…
  19. Complete the sentence about Ventspils with the correct year: After the Third Partition of Poland-Lithuania in ______ Ventspils fell under the control of Russian Empire.
  20. Complete the sentence about Rēzekne with the correct year: The town was restored to Poland after the Peace of Jam Zapolski in ______.
  21. Complete the sentence about Rēzekne with the correct year: The town was annexed by the Russian Empire during the First Partition of Poland in ______.
  22. Complete the sentence about Jēkabpils with the correct year: The two cities were united during the Soviet rule in ______ under the Jēkabpils name, but retain their distinct regional character.
  23. Complete the sentence about Jēkabpils with the correct year: In ______, during the Great Northern War, the Russians occupied the town.
  24. Complete the sentence about Ogre, Latvia with the correct year: The Ogre village was first mentioned in ______, called "Oger" in German.
  25. Complete the sentence about Ogre, Latvia with the correct year: The city's coat of arms was granted in ______, and shows the river and pinewoods of Ogre.
  26. Complete the sentence about Tukums with the correct year: The new adornment of Tukums were the lake and the church spire which were added to the skyline in ______.
  27. Complete the sentence about Tukums with the correct year: After ______, Courland was incorporated into the Russian Empire.
  28. Complete the sentence about Cēsis with the correct year: Cēsis was documented as a town in ______ and joined the Hanseatic League in the early 15th century.
  29. Complete the sentence about Cēsis with the correct year: The Chronicle of Henry describes events in the area in ______, a date conventionally used as the beginning of Cēsis's recorded history.
  30. Complete the sentence about Cēsis with the correct year: The Livonian Rhymed Chronicle describes a red banner with a white stripe carried by troops from Cēsis in ______.
  31. Complete the sentence about Cēsis with the correct year: During the siege of ______, several hundred people sheltering in the castle killed themselves by igniting gunpowder rather than surrendering to…
  32. Complete the sentence about Salaspils with the correct year: In ______, in the early phases of the Livonian Crusade, the Livonian chieftain Ako organized the first revolt against the German crusaders…
  33. Complete the sentence about Kuldīga with the correct year: Not far from the rapid is the Kuldīga brick bridge built in ______, which is the longest bridge of this type in Europe.
  34. Complete the sentence about Madona with the correct year: Madona is first mentioned in writing in ______, when Archbishop Sylvester began renting the lands of Birži Manor.
  35. Complete the sentence about Saldus with the correct year: Although there was an active economy by the end of the 19th century, and Saldus was the cultural center of the region, it was not officially r…
  36. Complete the sentence about Talsi with the correct year: The town became part of the Russian Empire in ______ together with the rest of Courland.
  37. Complete the sentence about Talsi with the correct year: During the Revolution of ______, there was unrest in the town and several houses burned down and inhabitants killed.
  38. Complete the sentence about Dobele with the correct year: In a German document from ______ a place name Dubelene or Dubelone has been used.
  39. Complete the sentence about Valka with the correct year: The border dividing the Livonian town of Walk was marked out in ______ by an international jury headed by British Colonel Stephen George Tallen…
  40. Complete the sentence about Valka with the correct year: In ______ it was announced that due to better welfare and higher salaries in Estonia, many Valka inhabitants have registered themselves as inha…
  41. Complete the sentence about Valka with the correct year: City rights were granted by the Polish-Lithuanian king Stefan Batory in ______.
  42. Complete the sentence about Valka with the correct year: On 15 November ______ the decision of the Latvian Provisional National Council to proclaim the independent Republic of Latvia was made in Valka…
  43. Complete the sentence about Aizkraukle with the correct year: In ______, it was renamed as Aizkraukle, after the nearest railway station.
  44. Complete the sentence about Ludza with the correct year: In ______ the Livonian Order built a stone fortress atop an older Latgalian fortress and used Ludza as an eastern outpost in Livonia.
  45. Complete the sentence about Ludza with the correct year: In ______, Commonwealth's Sejm appointed a special commission in Grodno that had to build Catholic churches in Latgale.
  46. Complete the sentence about Ludza with the correct year: A year later, the commission visited Ludza and in ______, building of the church was completed.
  47. Complete the sentence about Ludza with the correct year: After the first partition of Poland in ______, Ludza was taken over by the Russian Empire and added to Vitebsk Governorate.
  48. Complete the sentence about Gulbene with the correct year: Historical documents first mention the ______ land division act between the Order of the Sword Brothers and the Archbishop of Riga.
  49. Complete the sentence about Gulbene with the correct year: Since ______ the elementary school of the city occupies the Red Palace.
  50. Complete the sentence about Gulbene with the correct year: After the war, during the Soviet occupation, Gulbene initially became a district, and later, in ______, a regional centre.
  51. Complete the sentence about Alūksne with the correct year: In the 13th century, parts of the territory of Atzele were taken over by the Livonian Brothers of the Sword in accordance with a ______ agree…
  52. Complete the sentence about Alūksne with the correct year: After the destruction of the order in ______, its properties were acquired by the Teutonic Order.
  53. Complete the sentence about Alūksne with the correct year: Alūksne was captured by the troops of Ivan IV of Russia in ______ during the Livonian War.
  54. Complete the sentence about Smiltene with the correct year: In ______ on the steep hill near the river Abuls was built a castle.
  55. Complete the sentence about Smiltene with the correct year: In ______ the Swedish government built a new church and started the restoration of the village of Smiltene.
  56. Complete the sentence about Smiltene with the correct year: In ______ electricity was connected in the Smiltene manor house.
  57. Complete the sentence about Smiltene with the correct year: For Lieven's money a hospital, sawmill and electric station were built in Smiltene in ______.
  58. Complete the sentence about Sabile with the correct year: For the first time, wine production was created here in 14th century during Livonia, and the hill was completely restored in ______ by the may…
  59. Complete the sentence about Pāvilosta with the correct year: In ______ in an agreement between Bishop of Courland and Livonian Order a port at the mouth of Saka river is mentioned for the first time.
  60. Complete the sentence about Pāvilosta with the correct year: In the later years small port named Sackenhausen was part of the Bishopric of Courland, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia and since ______ R…
  61. Complete the sentence about Pāvilosta with the correct year: In ______ local landlord from nearby Upesmuiža manor Otto Friedrich von Lilienfeld started extensive reconstruction works of the small port…
  62. Complete the sentence about Salaca with the correct year: Since ______ the basin has formed part of the North Vidzeme Biosphere Reserve, with Lake Burtnieks included in UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere…
  63. Complete the sentence about Abava with the correct year: Built in ______ as part of a planned railway between Tukums and Kuldiga, it was completed but the railway linkage construction was halted by Wo…
  64. Complete the sentence about Baltic Sea with the correct year: Denmark gradually gained control over a large portion of the Baltic coast, until it lost many of its possessions after being defeated in t…
  65. Complete the sentence about Lake Burtnieks with the correct year: After the regulation of the Salaca river in ______, the lake level dropped by a metre, and many of the exposed shallows grew covered w…
  66. Complete the sentence about Lake Engure with the correct year: In ______, the digging of the Mērsrags Canal lowered the lake's water level by some 1.5 m and halved its surface area, creating today’s u…
  67. Complete the sentence about Rāzna National Park with the correct year: The park was established on 1 January ______ in the Latgale Highlands of eastern Latvia to safeguard Lake Rāzna and its surroundi…
  68. Complete the sentence about Kurzeme with the correct year: In ______, a Curonian fleet of eight ships was attacked by a German crusader fleet near the coast of Gotland.
  69. Complete the sentence about Kurzeme with the correct year: The turning point for Curonian independence came after the major defeat of the Livonian Order by the Samogitians at the Battle of Durbe in __…
  70. Complete the sentence about Kurzeme with the correct year: Curonian resistance was finally subdued in ______ when the whole of Courland was partitioned between the Livonian Order and the Archbishop of…
  71. Complete the sentence about Vidzeme with the correct year: During the course of the Great Northern War, Swedish Livonia was conquered by the Russian Empire and ceded to Russia at the Treaty of Nystad…
  72. Complete the sentence about Vidzeme with the correct year: In ______, the region's earliest airport, Vecbebri Airfield was established near Bebri Parish as a civil airport, hosting aviation festivals.
  73. Complete the sentence about Vidzeme with the correct year: The establishment of Gulbene Airfield near Gulbene soon followed, opened in ______ for the Latvian Air Force.
  74. Complete the sentence about Zemgale with the correct year: The centre of western Semigallia was Tērvete, while the centre of eastern Semigallia was Mežotne, which was destroyed in ______ by the Livoni…
  75. Complete the sentence about Selonia with the correct year: After ______, Selonia became a part of Duchy of Courland and Semigallia.
  76. Complete the sentence about Selonia with the correct year: Among historical documents, the Mindaugas's Donation Act of ______ is the one that best describes the transfer of the Selonian lands to the K…
  77. Complete the sentence about Selonia with the correct year: Regional history museum of the Selonia region of Lithuania, founded in ______ in Biržai Castle.
  78. Complete the sentence about Livonia with the correct year: Livonia, as understood after the retreat of Denmark in ______, bordered on the Gulf of Finland in the north, Lake Peipus and Russia to the ea…
  79. Complete the sentence about Livonia with the correct year: In ______, Albert ordered the construction of a cathedral in Riga.
  80. Complete the sentence about Livonia with the correct year: In ______, he asked King Valdemar II of Denmark for assistance, but Valdemar instead arranged a deal with the Brotherhood and conquered north…
  81. Complete the sentence about Livonia with the correct year: The January ______ death of Albert of Riga caused a diocesan feud in the Archbishopric of Riga, as two rival candidates were elected.
  82. Complete the sentence about Riga Cathedral with the correct year: The church was built near the River Daugava in ______ by Livonian Bishop Albert of Riga, who came from Lower Saxony in northwestern Ge…
  83. Complete the sentence about Riga Cathedral with the correct year: The cathedral was reopened for religious services in ______, and is used by the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Latvia.
  84. Complete the sentence about Saint Peter's Church, Riga with the correct year: The tower collapsed 11 March ______, destroying a neighboring building and burying eight people in the rubble.
  85. Complete the sentence about Rundāle Palace with the correct year: In ______, Duke of Courland Ernst Johann von Biron bought land in Rundāle with an old medieval castle in the territory of a planned su…
  86. Complete the sentence about Rundāle Palace with the correct year: The old castle was demolished and constructed after the design of Bartolomeo Rastrelli started in ______.
  87. Complete the sentence about Rundāle Palace with the correct year: Under the supervision of Rastrelli, its construction was finished in ______.
  88. Complete the sentence about Rundāle Palace with the correct year: Ernst Johann von Biron loved the palace and moved there almost immediately in ______.
  89. Complete the sentence about Turaida Castle with the correct year: In ______ the castle went for a considerable price sum of money to the bailiff Georg Krüdener.
  90. Complete the sentence about Cēsis Castle with the correct year: In ______ the Brothers of the Militia of Christ, otherwise known as the Livonian Brothers of the Sword, took up residence among the Wend…
  91. Complete the sentence about Bauska Castle with the correct year: In a treaty of alliance in ______, the Livonian Order passed sovereignty of the town and the castle to Poland.
  92. Complete the sentence about Bauska Castle with the correct year: Bauska Castle, during the reign of Duke Jacob, underwent repair of windows, doors, stoves, and modernized fortifications in ______.
  93. Complete the sentence about Bauska Castle with the correct year: In ______, during the Great Northern War, both castle and palace were blown up by the retreating Russians and left unrestored.
  94. Complete the sentence about Bauska Castle with the correct year: More than 150 years later, in ______, Prince Paul von Lieven purchased the ruins and began their restoration.
  95. Complete the sentence about Rēzekne Castle with the correct year: The battle took place in ______, during which the Rezekne castle was finally destroyed as the Swedish troops managed to defeat the muc…
  96. Complete the sentence about Ķemeri with the correct year: Bad Kemmern was founded as a resort in ______, when the emperor Nicholas I of Russia gave this land for building the first bath-house with min…
  97. Complete the sentence about Ķemeri with the correct year: In ______, a direct railway link was created between Ķemeri and Moscow.
  98. Complete the sentence about Latvian National Library with the correct year: The current building was designed in ______ by the Latvian-American architect Gunnar Birkerts, who immigrated to the United…
  99. Complete the sentence about Latvian National Library with the correct year: Since ______, the Library has published the National Bibliography of Latvia.
  100. Complete the sentence about Latvian National Library with the correct year: According to Soviet customs, in ______ the library received an honorary name, commemorating Vilis Lācis, a writer and the la…

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