Chinese History and Politics

History And Politics

230 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 230 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about First Opium War with the correct year: In ______, the Daoguang Emperor, rejecting proposals to legalise and tax opium, appointed Viceroy of Huguang Lin Zexu to go to Guangz…
  2. Complete the sentence about First Opium War with the correct year: On 3 June ______, Lin ordered the opium to be destroyed in public on Humen Beach to show the Government's determination to ban smokin…
  3. Complete the sentence about First Opium War with the correct year: Direct maritime trade between Europe and China began in ______ when the Portuguese Empire leased an outpost from the Ming dynasty in…
  4. Complete the sentence about First Opium War with the correct year: From ______, the Manila galleons brought silver into the Asian trade network from mines in South America.
  5. Complete the sentence about Second Opium War with the correct year: On 8 October ______, Qing officials seized the Arrow, a British-registered cargo ship, and arrested its Chinese sailors.
  6. Complete the sentence about Second Opium War with the correct year: After coordination with each other, the British and French stormed Canton in December ______.
  7. Complete the sentence about Second Opium War with the correct year: The alliance then moved north to demand a treaty from the Qing court, and on 20 May ______, captured the Taku Forts, stormed Tianjin…
  8. Complete the sentence about Second Opium War with the correct year: The Qing asked for peace, and signed the Treaty of Tientsin with Great Britain and France in ______.
  9. Complete the sentence about Second Opium War with the correct year: In ______, the Treaty of Nanking granted an indemnity and extraterritoriality to Britain, the opening of five treaty ports, and the…
  10. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Nanking with the correct year: The exchange of ratification took place in Hong Kong on 26 June ______.
  11. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Nanking with the correct year: The first working draft for articles of a treaty was prepared at the Foreign Office in London in February ______.
  12. Complete the sentence about Treaty of Nanking with the correct year: The fundamental purpose of the treaty was to change the framework of foreign trade imposed by the Canton System, which had been in…
  13. Complete the sentence about Taiping Rebellion with the correct year: After moving down the Yangtze River and recapturing the strategic city of Anqing, Zeng's forces besieged Nanjing during May ______.
  14. Complete the sentence about Taiping Rebellion with the correct year: After two more years, on June 1, ______, Hong Xiuquan died during the siege, caused from the consumption of weeds in the palace gro…
  15. Complete the sentence about Taiping Rebellion with the correct year: The Warlord Era, the loss of central control after the establishment of the Republic of China, would begin in earnest in ______.
  16. Complete the sentence about Boxer Rebellion with the correct year: In ______, North China experienced natural disasters, including the Yellow River flooding and droughts, which Boxers blamed on foreig…
  17. Complete the sentence about Self-Strengthening Movement with the correct year: In ______, China's defeat in the Second Opium War and the successes of the Taiping Rebellion forced the imperial court to…
  18. Complete the sentence about Self-Strengthening Movement with the correct year: In ______, Prince Gong and Grand Councilor Wen Xiang proposed establishing an office to direct foreign affairs.
  19. Complete the sentence about Self-Strengthening Movement with the correct year: The considerable successes of the movement came to an abrupt end with China's defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War in __…
  20. Complete the sentence about Self-Strengthening Movement with the correct year: The concern with the "self-strengthening" of China was expressed by Feng Guifen in a series of essays presented by him to…
  21. Complete the sentence about Self-Strengthening Movement with the correct year: In ______ he moved to Shanghai, where he was much impressed by Western military technology.
  22. Complete the sentence about Hundred Days' Reform with the correct year: Although brief, the movement introduced new political concepts of nationhood and sovereignty, inspiring many of the subsequent "…
  23. Complete the sentence about Hundred Days' Reform with the correct year: Established in ______ Shanghai, the Jiangnan Arsenal was the largest factory in China, producing both ships and firearms.
  24. Complete the sentence about Hundred Days' Reform with the correct year: With the support of the conservatives and the armed forces commanded by Yuan and Ronglu, Cixi launched a coup d'état on Septembe…
  25. Complete the sentence about Hundred Days' Reform with the correct year: Guangxu was put under house arrest on the Yingtai Island until his death in ______.
  26. Complete the sentence about Xinhai Revolution with the correct year: The flashpoint came on 10 October ______ with the Wuchang Uprising, an armed rebellion by members of the New Army.
  27. Complete the sentence about Xinhai Revolution with the correct year: The edict of abdication of the six-year-old Xuantong Emperor was promulgated on 12 February ______.
  28. Complete the sentence about Republic of China with the correct year: The Republic of China was officially proclaimed on 1 January ______ by revolutionaries under Sun Yat-sen, who became provisional pr…
  29. Complete the sentence with the correct year: Puyi, the final Qing emperor, abdicated on 12 February ______.
  30. Complete the sentence about Republic of China with the correct year: In ______, Yuan attempted to replace the Republic with his own imperial dynasty until popular unrest forced him to back down.
  31. Complete the sentence about Republic of China with the correct year: Sun's death in ______ precipitated a power struggle that eventually resulted in the rise of General Chiang Kai-shek to KMT chairman…
  32. Complete the sentence about Yuan Shikai with the correct year: Promoted to Viceroy of Zhili in ______, Yuan expanded the Beiyang Army into the best trained and most effective military force in China.
  33. Complete the sentence about Yuan Shikai with the correct year: Following the Wuchang Uprising in October ______, the Qing court recalled Yuan from retirement and appointed him Prime Minister of the Im…
  34. Complete the sentence about Yuan Shikai with the correct year: In March ______, faced with widespread opposition to his monarchy, Yuan abdicated and restored the Republic, having been emperor for only…
  35. Complete the sentence about Warlord era with the correct year: Feng became the acting president, but was forced to step down by Duan in late ______ and was replaced by Xu Shichang.
  36. Complete the sentence about Warlord era with the correct year: Duan was deposed and, after a series of short-lived cabinets, Zhang declared himself Generalissimo in ______.
  37. Complete the sentence about May Fourth Movement with the correct year: The May Fourth Movement was a Chinese cultural and anti-imperialist political movement which grew out of student protests in Beij…
  38. Complete the sentence about May Fourth Movement with the correct year: After the death of President Yuan Shikai in ______, China became dominated by warlords who were concerned with building political…
  39. Complete the sentence about May Fourth Movement with the correct year: China had entered World War I on the side of the Triple Entente in ______.
  40. Complete the sentence about Chinese Communist Party with the correct year: After the Japanese surrender in ______, the CCP emerged triumphant in the communist revolution against the Nationalist govern…
  41. Complete the sentence about Chinese Communist Party with the correct year: The CCP established the People's Republic of China on 1 October ______, and the remnants of the Nationalist government retrea…
  42. Complete the sentence about Chinese Communist Party with the correct year: Mao Zedong remained the most influential member of the CCP until his death in ______.
  43. Complete the sentence about Chiang Kai-shek with the correct year: The Xi'an Incident in ______ forced him to form a Second United Front with the CCP against Japan.
  44. Complete the sentence about Chiang Kai-shek with the correct year: In ______, Chiang's KMT was defeated by Mao Zedong's CCP and retreated to Taiwan.
  45. Complete the sentence about Kuomintang with the correct year: The party was founded by Sun Yat-sen in ______ in Honolulu, Republic of Hawaii, as the Revive China Society.
  46. Complete the sentence about Kuomintang with the correct year: In December ______, the Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan following its defeat by the communists.
  47. Complete the sentence about Northern Expedition with the correct year: The purpose of the campaign was to reunify China, which had become fragmented in the aftermath of the ______ Revolution.
  48. Complete the sentence about Northern Expedition with the correct year: In an effort to mend this schism, Chiang Kai-shek stepped down as the commander of the NRA in August ______, and went into exile…
  49. Complete the sentence about Northern Expedition with the correct year: The second phase of the expedition began in January ______, when Chiang resumed command.
  50. Complete the sentence about Northern Expedition with the correct year: By April ______, the nationalist forces had advanced to the Yellow River.
  51. Complete the sentence about Second Sino-Japanese War with the correct year: As a Japanese invasion became imminent, Chiang eventually formed a United Front with the Communists in ______, a process tha…
  52. Complete the sentence about Second Sino-Japanese War with the correct year: The war is considered to have begun on 7 July ______ after the Marco Polo Bridge incident near Beijing, which escalated into…
  53. Complete the sentence about Second Sino-Japanese War with the correct year: Following the protracted Battle of Shanghai, the Japanese captured the capital of Nanjing in ______ and perpetrated the Nanj…
  54. Complete the sentence about Second Sino-Japanese War with the correct year: After failing to stop the Japanese capture of Wuhan in ______, China's de facto capital at the time, the Nationalist governm…
  55. Complete the sentence about Nanjing Massacre with the correct year: After the outbreak of the war in July ______, the Japanese had pushed quickly through China after capturing Shanghai in November.
  56. Complete the sentence about Nanjing Massacre with the correct year: In August ______, the Japanese army invaded Shanghai, where they met strong resistance and suffered heavy casualties.
  57. Complete the sentence about Marco Polo Bridge Incident with the correct year: Since the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in ______, there had been many small incidents along the rail line connecting Bei…
  58. Complete the sentence about Marco Polo Bridge Incident with the correct year: By a supplementary agreement on 15 July ______, these forces were allowed to conduct maneuvers without informing the autho…
  59. Complete the sentence about Chinese Civil War with the correct year: The united front broke up and war broke out between the KMT and the CCP on 1 August ______.
  60. Complete the sentence about Chinese Civil War with the correct year: The CCP calls this the Second Revolutionary Civil War; it lasted until ______.
  61. Complete the sentence about Chinese Civil War with the correct year: In addition, ROC guerrilla forces continued to operate in mainland China and northern Burma until ______.
  62. Complete the sentence about Chinese Civil War with the correct year: After the Second Taiwan Strait Crisis, both tacitly ceased to engage in open conflict in ______; however, no armistice or peace tre…
  63. Complete the sentence about Chinese Civil War with the correct year: Yuan failed in a short-lived attempt to declare himself emperor, and China fell into power struggle after his death in ______.
  64. Complete the sentence about Mao Zedong with the correct year: Born to a peasant family in Shaoshan, Hunan, Mao studied in Changsha and was influenced by the ______ Revolution and ideas of Chinese nati…
  65. Complete the sentence about Mao Zedong with the correct year: In ______, Mao became leader of the CCP during the Long March, a military retreat to the Yan'an Soviet in Shaanxi.
  66. Complete the sentence about Mao Zedong with the correct year: In ______, Mao launched the Cultural Revolution, which was marked by violent class struggle, destruction of historical artifacts, and Mao'…
  67. Complete the sentence about Korean War with the correct year: On 25 June ______, North Korea launched an invasion of South Korea.
  68. Complete the sentence about Korean War with the correct year: Communist forces captured Seoul again in January ______ before losing it to a UN counter-offensive two months later.
  69. Complete the sentence about Great Leap Forward with the correct year: After the ______ Lushan Conference, anti-"rightist" campaigns intensified misreporting and coercive collection even as output fell…
  70. Complete the sentence about Great Leap Forward with the correct year: At the founding of the People's Republic of China in ______, the country was one of the poorest in the world.
  71. Complete the sentence about Great Chinese Famine with the correct year: If excessive eating had not taken place, one scholar argued, "the worst of the Great Leap Famine could still have been avoided i…
  72. Complete the sentence about Great Chinese Famine with the correct year: Beginning in ______, the Chinese Communist Party began to report excessive production of grain because of pressure from superior…
  73. Complete the sentence about Gang of Four with the correct year: Two other men who were already dead in ______, Kang Sheng and Xie Fuzhi, were named as having been part of the "Gang".
  74. Complete the sentence about Gang of Four with the correct year: Most prominent was Lin Biao, until his purported defection from China and death in a plane crash in ______.
  75. Complete the sentence about Gang of Four with the correct year: Around the time of the death of Lin Biao in ______, the Cultural Revolution began to lose momentum.
  76. Complete the sentence about Lin Biao with the correct year: Lin died on 13 September ______ when a Hawker Siddeley Trident crashed near Öndörkhaan, Mongolia, in circumstances that remain disputed.
  77. Complete the sentence about Lin Biao with the correct year: Lin joined a satellite organization of the Communist Youth League before he graduated high school in ______.
  78. Complete the sentence about Lin Biao with the correct year: After graduating from Whampoa in ______, Lin was assigned to a regiment commanded by Ye Ting.
  79. Complete the sentence about Zhou Enlai with the correct year: After the 4th National People's Congress on 13 January ______, he withdrew from public life for medical treatment and died the following y…
  80. Complete the sentence about Zhou Enlai with the correct year: The outpouring of grief turned into the ______ Tiananmen Incident and signaled the beginning of the end for the Cultural Revolution.
  81. Complete the sentence about Zhou Enlai with the correct year: Zhou Enlai was born in Huai'an, Jiangsu province, on 5 March ______, the first son of his branch of the Zhou family.
  82. Complete the sentence about Deng Xiaoping with the correct year: Deng was born in Guang'an District, Guang'an on 22 August ______ in Sichuan province.
  83. Complete the sentence about Chinese economic reform with the correct year: In ______, Deng launched the Four Modernizations, aiming to modernize China's economy.
  84. Complete the sentence about Chinese economic reform with the correct year: The economic reforms were revived after Deng Xiaoping's southern tour in ______.
  85. Complete the sentence about Special economic zone with the correct year: Section 936 corporate tax exemptions for Puerto Rico began with Operation Bootstrap in the 1940s and ended in ______.
  86. Complete the sentence about 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre with the correct year: Protests led by students and workers, known in China as the June Fourth Incident, were held in Tiananmen…
  87. Complete the sentence about 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre with the correct year: The Chinese government terms the events the political turmoil between the spring and summer of ______.
  88. Complete the sentence about Jiang Zemin with the correct year: In foreign policy, Jiang oversaw closer relations with Russia, with a friendship treaty signed in ______, as well as the founding of the…
  89. Complete the sentence about Belt and Road Initiative with the correct year: Estimates found that in ______, China's GDP per capita was US…
  90. Complete the sentence about National People's Congress with the correct year: The official Second National Congress took place from 22 January to 1 February ______.
  91. Complete the sentence about Standing Committee of the National People's Congress with the correct year: In ______, the 1st National People's Congress was held in Beijing, which became the supreme orga…
  92. Complete the sentence about Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party with the correct year: The average age of the ______ Politburo's members was 62, which was similar to those in recent decades.
  93. Complete the sentence about General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party with the correct year: Following the establishment of the CCP at the 1st Party National Congress in ______, Chen Duxiu serv…
  94. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In ______, he became the chairman of the Central Executive Committee.
  95. Complete the sentence about General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party with the correct year: The position of general secretary of the Central Committee was established at the 4th Party National…
  96. Complete the sentence about General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party with the correct year: Although the general secretary was the highest office in the CCP, it only became the most powerful p…
  97. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In the 2nd National Congress in ______, he became the chairman of the Central Executive Committee.
  98. Complete the sentence about Li Qiang with the correct year: Li joined the CCP in ______, and first worked in the Communist Youth League in Rui'an.
  99. Complete the sentence about Li Qiang with the correct year: Li was born in the city of Rui'an, Zhejiang, in July ______ in his maternal grandfather's house.
  100. Complete the sentence about President of China with the correct year: The Chinese president was the third to fifth highest-ranking position when it was re-established in ______.

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