Indian History

Indian National Movement and Freedom Struggle

60 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 60 questions

  1. Where and on which date was the first session of the Indian National Congress held in 1885?
  2. Who presided over the first session of the Indian National Congress, held in Bombay in 1885?
  3. Which early nationalist, known as the 'Grand Old Man of Indian Nationalism', formulated the 'drain theory' and wrote Poverty and Un-British Rule in India?
  4. Which Viceroy announced the Partition of Bengal on 16 October 1905, sparking the Swadeshi protests?
  5. Which song from Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's novel Anandamath became a prominent political slogan during the Swadeshi movement?
  6. In which city and on what date was the All-India Muslim League founded, with Nawab Salimullah of Dacca forwarding the proposal?
  7. At which Indian National Congress session in 1907 did the Surat Split occur, dividing the party into Moderates and Radicals?
  8. Which Act of 1909 provided that Muslim members were to be elected by only Muslim voters?
  9. Which slogan, coined by Kaka Baptista and adopted by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, became associated with the Home Rule movement?
  10. Which agreement, reached in December 1916 at a joint session in Lucknow, brought the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League together?
  11. Which 1917 satyagraha, the first Gandhi led in British India, forced planters to refund 25% of unlawfully collected funds?
  12. What was the popular name given to the 'Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919', which allowed suspects to be imprisoned for up to two years without trial?
  13. On which date did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre take place in Amritsar, when Dyer and his troops opened fire on a crowd gathered on the festival of Baisakhi?
  14. Which poet and Nobel laureate renounced his knighthood after the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, writing that 'badges of honour make our shame glaring'?
  15. Which incident of 4 February 1922 in Gorakhpur district led Gandhi to halt the Non-Cooperation Movement nationally on 12 February 1922?
  16. Which party was formed on 1 January 1923 as the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party by members of the Indian National Congress who opposed Gandhi's suspension of civil resistance?
  17. On which date did HRA revolutionaries stop the 8 Down train near Kakori?
  18. Why did the Indian National Congress resolve to boycott the seven-member Simon Commission, appointed in November 1927 under Sir John Simon?
  19. Which freedom fighter, known as 'Punjab Kesari', led a march against the Simon Commission in Lahore on 30 October 1928 and died on 17 November 1928 after a police lathi charge?
  20. On which date did Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt throw bombs into the Central Legislative Assembly in Delhi?
  21. At which Congress session, held in Lahore in December 1929, was the Declaration of Purna Swaraj adopted?
  22. On which date did Gandhi begin the Salt March with 78 volunteers from Sabarmati Ashram?
  23. Which poet and freedom fighter, with Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, led the Dharasana Satyagraha after Gandhi's arrest?
  24. Which Round Table Conference in London was attended by Mahatma Gandhi as the sole representative of the Indian National Congress?
  25. What agreement was signed on 24 September 1932 at Yerwada Central Jail, after Gandhi's fast unto death over separate electorates, with Madan Mohan Malaviya among the signatories for the Hindus?
  26. Which schoolteacher, known as 'Masterda', led the Chittagong armoury raid on 18 April 1930?
  27. Who shot Michael O'Dwyer, the former lieutenant governor of the Punjab, at Caxton Hall in London on 13 March 1940?
  28. On which date did Gandhi deliver his 'Do or Die' Quit India speech at the Gowalia Tank Maidan in Bombay?
  29. Who operated the underground Congress Radio, broadcasting 'This is the Congress radio calling on 42.34 meters', during the Quit India Movement?
  30. In which Southeast Asian city did Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose proclaim the Provisional Government of Free India on October 21, 1943?
  31. Which trial held at the Red Fort in Delhi from November 1945 tried Shah Nawaz Khan, Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon and Prem Sahgal?
  32. Which uprising began on 18 February 1946 at HMIS Talwar, a Bombay shore establishment, and came to involve over 10,000 sailors in 56 ships and shore establishments?
  33. Who were the three British Cabinet ministers of the Cabinet Mission that went to India on 24 March 1946?
  34. On which date was the Muslim League's Direct Action Day, which led to the Great Calcutta Killings?
  35. Which British lawyer chaired the two boundary committees whose award was announced on 17 August 1947?
  36. On which date did the Indian Independence Act 1947 receive Royal Assent?
  37. Who was the only Indian-born Governor-General or Viceroy of India, serving as Governor-General from June 1948 until 26 January 1950?
  38. Which party was founded on 15 July 1913 in the United States, initially as the Pacific Coast Hindustan Association?
  39. Which ship, chartered by Gurdit Singh in 1914 and carrying 376 passengers, was denied entry to Canada under the continuous journey regulation?
  40. Which Bengali nationalist, hanged at Muzaffarpur on 11 August 1908 aged 18, was involved in the attempt on the life of Magistrate Douglas Kingsford?
  41. Which British Prime Minister made the announcement of 20 February 1947 on the transfer of power in India?
  42. Who coined the slogan 'Inquilab Zindabad' in 1921?
  43. Which 1928 peasant movement in the taluka of Bardoli, led by Vallabhbhai Patel against a 22% tax hike, is said to have earned him the title 'Sardar' from the women of the region?
  44. At which 1929 Congress session was Purna Swaraj declared the party's goal?
  45. Who was the Viceroy of India when the Indian National Congress was founded in 1885?
  46. Which English theosophist and activist was the first female president of the Indian National Congress, in 1917?
  47. Who presided over the Indian National Congress session at Jaipur in 1948?
  48. Which Indian freedom fighter convened the March 1942 conference in Tokyo that decided to establish the Indian Independence League?
  49. What British proposal announced by Viceroy Linlithgow on 8 August 1940 promised dominion status and an expanded Viceroy's Executive Council, but was rejected by Congress?
  50. Who chaired the Drafting Committee of the Constitution of India?
  51. Which British mission to India in March 1942 did Gandhi call a 'post-dated cheque drawn on a failing bank'?
  52. What are the trials held at the Red Fort between November 1945 and May 1946 of officers of the Indian National Army called?
  53. Which song appeared in the weekly Ittehad on 16 August 1904 and was later quoted by Rakesh Sharma from space in 1984?
  54. Who founded the 'Servants of India Society' in Pune in 1905, to train nationalist missionaries for service to the nation?
  55. At which session of the Indian National Congress was Subhas Chandra Bose elected Congress President in 1938?
  56. Which Act's preamble declared the aim of the gradual introduction of responsible government in India?
  57. Who unfurled one of the earliest versions of the flag of independent India at the International Socialist Conference in Stuttgart on 22 August 1907?
  58. Which tribal leader from the Munda tribe, called Dharti Aaba, is associated with the Ulgulan, the Great Tumult of 1899?
  59. Which ship's crew began the Royal Indian Navy mutiny on 18 February 1946, after which it spread to 22 ships in a day?
  60. Which historic speech did Jawaharlal Nehru deliver to the Constituent Assembly near midnight on 14 August 1947?

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