Spanish Geography and Nature

Geography And Nature

121 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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All 121 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Madrid with the correct year: The development of Madrid as an administrative centre was fostered after ______, as it became the permanent seat of the court of the Hispanic…
  2. Complete the sentence about Barcelona with the correct year: The city is known for hosting the ______ Summer Olympics as well as world-class conferences and expositions.
  3. Complete the sentence about Valencia with the correct year: With the Aragonese Christian conquest in ______, the city became the capital of the Kingdom of Valencia.
  4. Complete the sentence about Seville with the correct year: Archaeological excavations in ______ found anthropic remains under the north wall of the Real Alcázar dating to the 8th–7th century BC.
  5. Complete the sentence about Málaga with the correct year: In ______, the Crown of Castile gained control in the midst of the Granada War.
  6. Complete the sentence about Bilbao with the correct year: On 19 May ______, the city of Bilbao was recognised with the Lee Kuan Yew World City Prize, awarded by the city state of Singapore.
  7. Complete the sentence about Córdoba, Spain with the correct year: Following the Christian conquest in ______, Córdoba became part of the Crown of Castile as the head of the Kingdom of Córdoba.
  8. Complete the sentence about Córdoba, Spain with the correct year: Córdoba is home to notable examples of Moorish architecture such as the Mezquita-Catedral, which was named as a UNESCO World Heritage…
  9. Complete the sentence about Córdoba, Spain with the correct year: One theory, suggested in ______ by José Antonio Conde, is that the name comes from Punic qart ṭūbah 'good town'.
  10. Complete the sentence about Vigo with the correct year: As a result, the city's walls were built in ______ in the reign of Philip IV of Spain.
  11. Complete the sentence about Vigo with the correct year: In ______, the city of Pontevedra was designated the provincial capital of the province of Pontevedra, within which lies Vigo.
  12. Complete the sentence about Granada with the correct year: Nearby is the Sierra Nevada Ski Station, where the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships ______ were held.
  13. Complete the sentence about Granada with the correct year: Granada was conquered in ______ by the Catholic Monarchs and progressively transformed into a Christian city over the course of the 16th cent…
  14. Complete the sentence about Vitoria-Gasteiz with the correct year: In ______, Sancho the Wise, King of Navarre, founded the town of Nova Victoria as a defensive outpost on top of a hill at the site of…
  15. Complete the sentence about Vitoria-Gasteiz with the correct year: In ______, the town was besieged for nine months and eventually captured by the troops of Alfonso VIII of Castile, who annexed the to…
  16. Complete the sentence about San Sebastián with the correct year: In ______, the use of the city as a seaport was granted to Navarre as part of a wedding pact.
  17. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In fact, the town only joined Gipuzkoa in ______ after the war came to an end.
  18. Complete the sentence about San Sebastián with the correct year: The last chapter of the town in the Middle Ages was brought about by a fire that devastated Donostia in ______.
  19. Complete the sentence about Santander, Spain with the correct year: On 3 November ______ a steamship, Cabo Machichaco, caught fire while she was being unloaded at a pier in the heart of the city.
  20. Complete the sentence about Toledo, Spain with the correct year: Toledo was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in ______ for its extensive monumental and cultural heritage.
  21. Complete the sentence about Salamanca with the correct year: The University of Salamanca, founded in ______, gained widespread recognition in the 16th century for the intellectual production of the so…
  22. Complete the sentence about Segovia with the correct year: The city center was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in ______.
  23. Complete the sentence about Segovia with the correct year: Notably, Isabella I was proclaimed queen of Castile in the church of San Miguel de Segovia on December 13, ______.
  24. Complete the sentence about Ávila, Spain with the correct year: The Old Town of Ávila with its extra muros churches were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in ______.
  25. Complete the sentence about Ávila, Spain with the correct year: The first written evidence documenting the presence of Jews dates to ______.
  26. Complete the sentence with the correct year: In ______, the city's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  27. Complete the sentence about Burgos with the correct year: Burgos was selected as the "Spanish Gastronomy Capital" of ______.
  28. Complete the sentence about Alhambra with the correct year: In ______, Charles V commissioned a new Renaissance-style palace in direct juxtaposition with the Nasrid palaces.
  29. Complete the sentence about Sagrada Família with the correct year: On 19 March ______, construction of Sagrada Família began under the architect Francisco de Paula del Villar.
  30. Complete the sentence about Sagrada Família with the correct year: After a visit to the Vatican in ______, Bocabella returned from Italy with the intention of building a church inspired by the basilic…
  31. Complete the sentence about Casa Batlló with the correct year: Textile industrialist Josep Batlló, owner of the house adjacent to Casa Amatller, then hired Gaudí in ______ to put the others to shame.
  32. Complete the sentence about Casa Batlló with the correct year: In ______, Josep Batlló hired Gaudí to design his home; at first his plans were to tear down the building and construct a completely new…
  33. Complete the sentence about Royal Palace of Madrid with the correct year: After undergoing substantial expansion works during the 16th century, the Royal Alcázar remained on the site until it burned d…
  34. Complete the sentence with the correct year: The only drawing of the castle from the Middle Ages is one from ______ by Jan Cornelisz Vermeyen.
  35. Complete the sentence about Royal Palace of Madrid with the correct year: Emperor Charles V, with the architects Alonso de Covarrubias and Luis de Vega, extended and renovated the castle in ______.
  36. Complete the sentence about Royal Palace of Madrid with the correct year: Philip II made Madrid his capital in ______ and continued the renovations, with new additions.
  37. Complete the sentence about Plaza Mayor, Madrid with the correct year: Following the Constitution of ______, all major plazas in Spain were renamed Plaza de la Constitución.
  38. Complete the sentence about Plaza Mayor, Madrid with the correct year: When the Borbón king was restored in ______, it became known as the Plaza Real.
  39. Complete the sentence about Puerta del Sol with the correct year: The New Year's celebration has been broadcast live since 31 December ______ on major radio and television networks including Atresmedi…
  40. Complete the sentence about Puerta del Sol with the correct year: The Puerta del Sol has seen protests against the ______ Madrid bombings on commuter trains, and Spain's involvement in the Iraq War.
  41. Complete the sentence about Puerta del Sol with the correct year: In ______, the square became established as a focal point and a symbol for the ongoing anti-austerity movement in Spain.
  42. Complete the sentence about Puerta del Sol with the correct year: Since 12 June ______, the square has held a free-standing domed structure made from pallets, which served as an information point for…
  43. Complete the sentence about Seville Cathedral with the correct year: Seville Cathedral was the site of the baptism of Infante Juan of Aragon in ______, only son of the Catholic Monarchs Ferdinand II o…
  44. Complete the sentence about Seville Cathedral with the correct year: The Almohad caliph Abu Yaqub Yusuf ordered the construction of a new grand mosque for the city in ______ on the south end of the ci…
  45. Complete the sentence about Alcázar of Seville with the correct year: After the Castilian conquest of the city in ______, the site was progressively rebuilt and replaced by new palaces and gardens.
  46. Complete the sentence about Alcázar of Seville with the correct year: Towards ______, the Almohad Caliphate began to develop Seville as their capital in al-Andalus.
  47. Complete the sentence about Alcázar of Seville with the correct year: In ______ the caliph Abu Yaʿqub Yusuf made the Alcazar his main residence in the region.
  48. Complete the sentence about City of Arts and Sciences with the correct year: The last major component of the City of Arts and Sciences, Palau de les Arts Reina Sofía, was inaugurated on 9 October ____…
  49. Complete the sentence about City of Arts and Sciences with the correct year: Ten Ros drew up a first draft, entitled "Vilanova, A City of Science for Valencia", which was officially presented to the G…
  50. Complete the sentence about City of Arts and Sciences with the correct year: Ten Ros presented the draft in 32 volumes to President Lerma in the Palace of the Generalitat on 21 December ______.
  51. Complete the sentence about Aqueduct of Segovia with the correct year: The Old Town of Segovia and the aqueduct were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in ______.
  52. Complete the sentence about Aqueduct of Segovia with the correct year: The first section of the aqueduct contains 36 semi-circular arches, rebuilt in the 15th century to restore a portion destroyed by…
  53. Complete the sentence about Escorial with the correct year: Philip appointed him architect-royal in ______, and, together, they designed El Escorial as a monument to Spain's role as a center of the Ch…
  54. Complete the sentence about Escorial with the correct year: On 2 November ______, UNESCO declared The Royal Seat of San Lorenzo of El Escorial a World Heritage Site.
  55. Complete the sentence about Escorial with the correct year: With Toledo's death in ______, direction passed to his apprentice, Juan de Herrera, who "is generally regarded as the architect of the Escor…
  56. Complete the sentence about Escorial with the correct year: Under Herrera, the building was completed in ______, in slightly less than 21 years.
  57. Complete the sentence about Escorial with the correct year: Lawrence's feast day is 10 August, the same date as the ______ Battle of St.
  58. Complete the sentence about Teide with the correct year: Teide is an active volcano, with its most recent eruption occurring in late ______ from the El Chinyero vent on the northwestern Santiago rift.
  59. Complete the sentence about Teide with the correct year: Before the ______ Spanish colonization of Tenerife, the native Guanches referred to a powerful figure living in the volcano, which carries ligh…
  60. Complete the sentence about Sierra Nevada with the correct year: The British Electronic-Duo The KLF filmed a portion of their unreleased ______ Road Film "The White Room" around and on Sierra Nevada.
  61. Complete the sentence about Pyrenees with the correct year: The native brown bear population was hunted to near-extinction in the 1990s, but its numbers rebounded in ______ when three bears were broug…
  62. Complete the sentence about Picos de Europa with the correct year: The name can be traced to Lucio Marineo Sículo, who mentioned the Rupes Europae in ______.
  63. Complete the sentence about Picos de Europa with the correct year: Ambrosio Morales, chronist of Felipe II of Spain, mentions the Montañas de Europa in ______.
  64. Complete the sentence about Picos de Europa with the correct year: Prudencio de Sandoval calls them the Peñas o Sierras de Europa in ______.
  65. Complete the sentence about Doñana National Park with the correct year: Nevertheless, in ______ Schulten found the stele of Villamanrique at the nearby town of Villamanrique de la Condesa.
  66. Complete the sentence about Teide National Park with the correct year: In ______, the Council of Europe awarded the European Diploma of Protected Areas, its highest category.
  67. Complete the sentence about Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park with the correct year: The most important species of the Park was the bucardo or Pyrenean ibex, which went extinct in January ______ in…
  68. Complete the sentence about Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park with the correct year: An area of 21 square kilometres containing the Ordesa Valley was declared a National Park on 16 August ______ by…
  69. Complete the sentence about Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park with the correct year: On 13 July ______, it was enlarged to its current 156.08 square kilometres, and its official name was changed to…
  70. Complete the sentence about Ibiza with the correct year: Ibiza, together with the islands of Formentera and Menorca, were invaded by the Norwegian King Sigurd I in the spring of ______ on his crusade…
  71. Complete the sentence about Ibiza with the correct year: In September of ______, Ibiza was sacked by the Norman fleet of the Kingdom of Sicily.
  72. Complete the sentence about Mallorca with the correct year: The Balearic Islands have been an autonomous region of Spain since ______.
  73. Complete the sentence about Menorca with the correct year: In ______, when Louis des Balbes de Berton de Crillon, 1st Duke of Mahón invaded Menorca, he ordered all Jews to leave in four days.
  74. Complete the sentence about Tenerife with the correct year: The island was inhabited by the Indigenous Guanche people before its incorporation into the Crown of Castile in ______.
  75. Complete the sentence about Gran Canaria with the correct year: The capital city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria was founded on 24 June ______, under the name "Real de Las Palmas", by Juan Rejón, head o…
  76. Complete the sentence about Gran Canaria with the correct year: On 27 March ______, a bomb went off in Gran Canaria Airport, the main airport on the island.
  77. Complete the sentence about Catalonia with the correct year: In ______, the County of Barcelona and the Kingdom of Aragon formed a dynastic union, resulting in a composite monarchy, the Crown of Arago…
  78. Complete the sentence about Catalonia with the correct year: In ______, Charles V became monarch of the crowns of Aragon and Castile, retaining both their previous distinct institutions and legislatio…
  79. Complete the sentence about Basque Country with the correct year: The Basque Country was granted the status of nationality, attributed by the Spanish Constitution of ______.
  80. Complete the sentence about Castile and León with the correct year: UNESCO recognizes the Cortes of León of ______ as the cradle of worldwide parliamentarism.
  81. Complete the sentence about Castile and León with the correct year: In ______, the basilica of San Isidoro of León was the setting of the first parliamentary body in the history of Europe, with the pa…
  82. Complete the sentence about Castile and León with the correct year: The origin of the definitive dynastic unification of the kingdoms of Castile and León, which had been separated for just seven decad…
  83. Complete the sentence about Castile and León with the correct year: In the Cortes of Valladolid of ______, Ferdinand IV is recognized as king.
  84. Complete the sentence about Castile and León with the correct year: The end of the Republic, at the beginning of ______, thwarted the initiative.
  85. Complete the sentence about Extremadura with the correct year: The last fortresses in the Lower Extremadura were conquered by Christians by ______.
  86. Complete the sentence about Ebro with the correct year: The Ebro delta was classified as a wetland area of international interest by Spain's Bureau Mar in ______.
  87. Complete the sentence about Ebro with the correct year: The Ebro in ______ was the starting ground of one of the most famous Republican offensives of the Spanish Civil War.
  88. Complete the sentence about Guadalquivir with the correct year: The construction of the canal known as the Corta de Merlina in ______ marked the beginning of the modernisation of the port of Seville.
  89. Complete the sentence about Duero with the correct year: In ______, Portugal and Spain signed the Albufeira Convention, an agreement on the sharing of trans-boundary rivers to include the Douro, Tagus…
  90. Complete the sentence about Iberian Peninsula with the correct year: The modern phrase "Iberian Peninsula" was coined by the French geographer Jean-Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent on his ______ work "G…
  91. Complete the sentence about Camino de Santiago with the correct year: In ______, the Camino, which encompasses several routes in Spain, France, and Portugal, was declared the first Cultural Route of t…
  92. Complete the sentence about Cave of Altamira with the correct year: The site was discovered in ______ by Modesto Cubillas and subsequently studied by Marcelino Sanz de Sautuola.
  93. Complete the sentence about Cave of Altamira with the correct year: Sautuola published his research with the support of Juan de Vilanova y Piera in ______, to initial public acclaim.
  94. Complete the sentence about Iberian lynx with the correct year: By the turn of the 21st century, the Iberian lynx was on the verge of extinction, as only 94 individuals survived in two isolated subpop…
  95. Complete the sentence about Iberian lynx with the correct year: Before ______, it was present in Sierra de Gata, Montes de Toledo, eastern Sierra Morena, Sierra de Relumbrar and coastal plains in the…
  96. Complete the sentence about Iberian wolf with the correct year: The Iberian wolf Canis lupus signatus Cabrera ______ is classified as Canis lupus lupus by Mammal Species of the World.
  97. Which place completes this sentence about Madrid? The primitive core of Madrid, a walled military outpost, dates back to the late 9th century, under the Emirate of ______.
  98. Which place completes this sentence about Málaga? In 1487, the Crown of Castile gained control in the midst of the ______ War.
  99. Which place completes this sentence about A Coruña? With a population of 249,255, it is the 2nd-largest city in Galicia behind ______.
  100. Which place completes this sentence about Alhambra? The building of the complex was begun in 1238 CE by Muhammad I Ibn al-Ahmar, the first Nasrid emir and founder of the Emirate of ______, the last Mu…

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