Medical Entrance Exam (University of Iceland) · Biology

Cell biology and genetics

20 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 20 questions

  1. Which organelle is the main site of ATP production in eukaryotic cells?
  2. Which structure packages and modifies proteins for secretion?
  3. Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion?
  4. What is the function of the nucleolus?
  5. Which molecule transports amino acids to the ribosome?
  6. What is the enzyme that synthesises RNA from a DNA template?
  7. Which enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix during replication?
  8. Which enzyme joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand?
  9. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
  10. Which stage of mitosis shows chromosomes aligned at the equator of the cell?
  11. In which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?
  12. How many different alleles of a gene does a heterozygous individual carry?
  13. What proportion of the offspring of two heterozygous carriers of an autosomal recessive disease will be affected?
  14. A man with haemophilia (X-linked recessive) and a non-carrier woman have children. What proportion of their sons will be affected?
  15. What is the term for the physical expression of a genotype?
  16. Which type of mutation causes a premature stop codon?
  17. Down syndrome is most commonly caused by which chromosomal abnormality?
  18. Which technique amplifies a specific DNA sequence?
  19. Which sugar is part of RNA?
  20. Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

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