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25 cardsWazari Exam (Iraq Baccalaureate) - Scientific Branch

Scientific Branch Key Formulas

Formulas and rules from mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology for the Iraqi Sixth Preparatory scientific branch. Practice material written for study.

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Ohm's law

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Ohm's law

V = I R

: voltage equals current times resistance.

Electrical power in terms of current and resistance

P = I^{2} R

(also

P = V I = V^{2} / R

Resistors in parallel

\frac{1}{R} = \frac{1}{R _{1}} + \frac{1}{R _{2}} + \dots

Energy stored in a capacitor

U = \frac{1}{2} C V^{2}

Coulomb's law

F = \frac{k q _{1} q _{2}}{r ^{2}}

with

k = 9 \times 1 0^{9}

N m

^{2}

^{- 2}

Force on a current-carrying wire in a field

F = B I L sin θ

Faraday's law of induction

E = - N \frac{ΔΦ}{Δ t}

Ideal transformer equation

\frac{V _{s}}{V _{p}} = \frac{N _{s}}{N _{p}}

Resonant frequency of a series LC circuit

f = \frac{1}{2 π L C}

RMS value of a sinusoidal voltage

V_{r m s} = V_{0} / 2

Thin lens equation

\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{u} + \frac{1}{v}

(use the sign convention given in the question).

Snell's law

n_{1} sin θ_{1} = n_{2} sin θ_{2}

Photon energy

E = h f = h c / λ

Photoelectric equation

K_{ma x} = h f - ϕ

and

e V_{s} = K_{ma x}

Radioactive decay after n half-lives

N = N_{0} (\frac{1}{2})^{n}

Derivative of

sin k x

k cos k x

Sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence

S_{n} = \frac{n}{2} [2 a + (n - 1) d]

Sum to infinity of a geometric series

S_{\infty} = \frac{a}{1 - r}

for

∣ r ∣ < 1

Modulus of

a + bi

a^{2} + b^{2}

Dot product and the angle between vectors

a \cdot b = ∣ a ∣∣ b ∣ cos θ

pH and pOH relationship at 25 degrees C

p H + pO H = 14

and

p H = - lo g [H^{+}]

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

p H = p K_{a} + lo g \frac{[ A ^{-} ]}{[ H A ]}

Charge needed to deposit a substance

Q = n (e^{-}) \times F

with

F = 96500

C/mol.

Hardy-Weinberg equations

p + q = 1

and

p^{2} + 2 pq + q^{2} = 1

Net ATP from glycolysis of one glucose

2 ATP (4 made and 2 used), plus 2 NADH and 2 pyruvate.

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