What industrial microbiological process carried out by brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is utilized in beer brewing and traditional palm wine fermentation?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. anaerobic alcoholic fermentation of fermentable sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide
- Step 1: In the absence of oxygen, yeast cells ferment sugars (glucose/maltose): C₆H₁₂O₆ -> 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂ + 2 ATP. Step 2. This produces ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide gas (bubbles in beer/palm wine and leavening in bread). Answer: anaerobic alcoholic fermentation of fermentable sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Why not the others: Acetic acid production is carried out by Acetobacter; chemosynthesis by sulfur bacteria; yeast cannot photosynthesize.
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