Which cellular transport mechanism moves molecules across a plasma membrane against their concentration gradient using metabolic energy derived from ATP hydrolysis?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: B. Primary active transport
- Step 1: Primary active transport moves ions or solutes against their electrochemical gradient (from low to high concentration) using direct ATP hydrolysis energy (e.g., the ATPase pump).
Answer
Primary active transport.
Why not the others: 'Facilitated diffusion' moves solutes down their concentration gradient using channel or carrier proteins without ATP consumption; 'Simple diffusion' is passive movement down a gradient; 'Osmosis' is passive net diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane.
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