Which constellation of four anatomical defects defines the classic tetralogy of Fallot congenital cardiac lesion?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: B. VSD, pulmonary stenosis, dextroposed aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy

  1. Step 1: Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect beyond the neonatal period, caused by anterior and cephalad deviation of the infundibular septum.
  2. Step 2: The four defining anatomical components are Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD), Pulmonary infundibular stenosis, Overriding aorta, and secondary Right Ventricular Hypertrophy.
Answer
VSD, pulmonary stenosis, dextroposed aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy.
Why not the others: Atrial septal defect with mitral stenosis defines Lutembacher syndrome, not Fallot tetralogy. Transposition of the great vessels and tricuspid atresia are separate, distinct cyanotic congenital cardiac anomalies. Truncus arteriosus is a failure of conotruncal septation resulting in a single arterial trunk.

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