Passage: [Reference to Epistemic Injustice text above]
Testimonial injustice, as defined in the passage, primarily involves:
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Discounting a speaker's credibility
- Step 1: Recall the definition of testimonial injustice: it arises when a speaker receives a deflated level of credibility owing to prejudice held by the hearer.
- Step 2: The prejudice directly diminishes the hearer's trust in the speaker's word based on social identity.
- Step 3: Thus, testimonial injustice is defined as discounting a speaker's credibility because of prejudice against their social group.
Answer
Discounting a speaker's credibility.
Why not the others: Fabricating false testimony is deliberate perjury, not an epistemic reception deficit; denying textbooks to students is an educational resource inequity; refusing to translate foreign treaties is a linguistic barrier rather than interpersonal identity-prejudice in credibility assessment.
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