Which pair of elements demonstrates a classic 'diagonal relationship' in the periodic table owing to similar ionic charge-to-radius ratios?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. Lithium and magnesium
- Step 1: Diagonal relationships occur between Period 2 and Period 3 elements positioned diagonally (Li-Mg, Be-Al, B-Si). Step 2. Li+ and Mg2+ have nearly identical charge densities, giving them similar chemical properties (e.g., both form normal oxides, decomposing carbonates, and covalent halides). Answer: Lithium and magnesium. Why not the others: Na and K are in the same group; Be and B are in the same period.
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