According to Article 27, Paragraph 3 of the amended 1945 Constitution, what is the constitutional right and duty of every Indonesian citizen regarding state defense?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. To participate in state defense efforts (upaya pembelaan negara)
- Step 1: Article 27(3) of UUD 1945 explicitly stipulates: 'Setiap warga negara berhak dan wajib ikut serta dalam upaya pembelaan negara'. Step 2. This establishes Bela Negara as both a fundamental right and an obligation for all citizens in civic and professional life. Answer: To participate in state defense efforts (upaya pembelaan negara). Why not the others: UUD 1945 does not mandate exclusive military combat, defense levies, or compulsory conscription for all 18-year-olds.
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