Which of the following organelles is directly involved in the synthesis of lipids, phospholipids, and steroid hormones in animal cells?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
- Step 1: The endoplasmic reticulum forms an extensive network of intracellular tubules.
- Step 2: When devoid of surface ribosomes, it is designated as smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).
- Step 3: The SER contains key integral enzymes for the elongation and desaturation of fatty acids, phospholipid synthesis, and steroid hormone biosynthesis (e.g., androgens and estrogens in gonads).
Answer
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).
Why not the others: Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is coated with 80S ribosomes and specializes in secretory protein synthesis; Golgi cisternae modify, sort, and package glycoproteins; Peroxisome is involved in beta-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide decomposition.
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