Read the passage:
'The synthesis of graphene membranes has opened unprecedented avenues for molecular sieving. By engineering sub-nanometer nanopores, researchers achieved near-complete salt rejection at water flux rates orders of magnitude higher than conventional polyamide reverse-osmosis membranes.'
What is the primary breakthrough described in the text?
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. Graphene membranes deliver exceptional salt rejection at dramatically higher water flow rates
- Step 1: The text highlights graphene membranes achieving near-complete salt rejection alongside vastly higher water flux than polyamide filters. Step 2. The primary breakthrough is combining high selectivity with dramatically superior throughput. Answer: Graphene membranes deliver exceptional salt rejection at dramatically higher water flow rates. Why not the others: Polyamide is the legacy material being outperformed.
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