Estonian Geography and Nature

Geography and Nature

200 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

All 200 questions

  1. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Town Hall with the correct year: In conjunction with the Tallinn Old Town, the town hall has been on the UNESCO world Heritage Sites list since ______.
  2. Complete the sentence about St. Olaf's Church, Tallinn with the correct year: As a result of World War II, the church was left without active congregation, and the Soviet occupation regime handed the…
  3. Complete the sentence about Tallinn TV Tower with the correct year: The viewing platform at a height of 170 metres was open to the public until 26 November ______, when it was closed for renovation.
  4. Complete the sentence about Kadriorg Palace with the correct year: Plans for a larger palace in the area were developed soon afterwards and construction of a new palace, in what is now Kadriorg, was s…
  5. Complete the sentence about Kadriorg Palace with the correct year: Peter the Great and Catherine visited the unfinished residence on several occasions, but after his death in ______ Catherine showed n…
  6. Complete the sentence about Estonian Open Air Museum with the correct year: The museum's oldest exhibit is the Sutlepa Chapel of the Noarootsi Swedish church, which has been reported since ______.
  7. Complete the sentence about Estonian Open Air Museum with the correct year: The Pirita park-museum should have started its work on 1 July ______ but the war began.
  8. Complete the sentence with the correct year: On 31 December ______, all of these prisons closed permanently.
  9. Complete the sentence about Rummu quarry with the correct year: On 7 August ______, a 17-year-old girl injured her back when jumping into the water off a derelict building.
  10. Complete the sentence about Lahemaa National Park with the correct year: The national park, established in ______, is one of the main tourist draws in Estonia.
  11. Complete the sentence about Lahemaa National Park with the correct year: Prior to ______, the Soviet Union operated a large secret submarine base at Hara.
  12. Complete the sentence about Matsalu National Park with the correct year: Research in Matsalu became regular in ______, when the Institute of Botany and Zoology of the Estonian Academy of Sciences esta…
  13. Complete the sentence about Matsalu National Park with the correct year: Matsalu Nature Reserve was founded in ______, mainly to protect nesting, moulting and migratory birds.
  14. Complete the sentence about Kuressaare Castle with the correct year: In ______, Denmark-Norway seized control over Saaremaa and Kuressaare castle.
  15. Complete the sentence about Kuressaare Castle with the correct year: The Swedes continued the modernisation of the fortress until ______.
  16. Complete the sentence about Kuressaare Castle with the correct year: In ______, following the construction of the fortress of Bomarsund on Åland, the Russian garrison at Kuressaare withdrew.
  17. Complete the sentence about Kuressaare Castle with the correct year: In ______, the castle was used as a stronghold by occupying Soviet forces, who executed 90 civilians in the castle yard.
  18. Complete the sentence about Narva Castle with the correct year: The castle was established around ______, when the area was part of the Danish Realm.
  19. Complete the sentence about Narva Castle with the correct year: The Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order purchased the castle in August ______, and owned it for much of its later history.
  20. Complete the sentence about Narva with the correct year: Since the creation of Narva Reservoir, an anabranch, in ______, the falls are usually near-dry, but water is allowed to flow in them for a few…
  21. Complete the sentence about Gulf of Finland with the correct year: Starting in ______, Russia constructed nineteen artificial islands with fortresses in the gulf.
  22. Complete the sentence about Baltic Sea with the correct year: Denmark gradually gained control over a large portion of the Baltic coast, until it lost many of its possessions after being defeated in t…
  23. Complete the sentence about Sõrve Peninsula with the correct year: The peninsula was invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany in the ______ Operation Beowulf.
  24. Complete the sentence about Jägala Waterfall with the correct year: The camp was closed in ______ after almost all prisoners were relocated to the Tallinn Central Prison, and any other remaining priso…
  25. Complete the sentence about Tartu Observatory with the correct year: The Tartu Observatory was founded at the Imperial University of Dorpat as it was reopened in ______.
  26. Complete the sentence about Tartu Observatory with the correct year: The observatory building was completed in ______ on the Toome hill in Dorpat.
  27. Complete the sentence about Tartu Observatory with the correct year: The instruments were installed in ______ by von Struve who subsequently started observations.
  28. Complete the sentence about Tartu Observatory with the correct year: In ______, a 9" Fraunhofer refractor arrived, the largest achromatic telescope in the world at the time.
  29. Complete the sentence about Tartu Observatory with the correct year: When von Struve began assembling his Geodetic Arc in ______, the doorstep of the observatory became its first point.
  30. Complete the sentence about Tartu Observatory with the correct year: In ______ the renamed Tartu Observatory was separated from the university and subjected to the Estonian Academy of Sciences.
  31. Complete the sentence about Tartu Old Town with the correct year: In ______ the Great Fire of Tartu occurred and almost all infrastructure was destroyed.
  32. Complete the sentence about Struve Geodetic Arc with the correct year: In ______, the chain was inscribed on the World Heritage List, because of its importance in geodesy and its testimony to internat…
  33. Complete the sentence about Põhja-Kõrvemaa with the correct year: Põhja-Kõrvemaa Nature Reserve was established towards the end of ______, a few months after Estonia regained its independence.
  34. Complete the sentence about Harju County with the correct year: George's Night Uprising, which broke out in ______ with the burning of Padise Abbey in modern Padise Parish.
  35. Complete the sentence about Harju County with the correct year: In ______, after the outbreak of the Livonian War, the nobility of North Estonia and the Tallinn Town Council declared loyalty to Sweden…
  36. Complete the sentence about Tartu County with the correct year: In ______, after the conquest of the stronghold by the German invaders, Tartu became the capital of a diocese, stretching from Northern…
  37. Complete the sentence about Pärnu County with the correct year: The administrative reform in Estonia abolished county governments by the end of ______.
  38. Complete the sentence about Lääne County with the correct year: Since 15 December ______, the governorship was held by Innar Mäesalu.
  39. Complete the sentence about Lääne County with the correct year: Early in ______ troops from Sweden, initially led by King John I, had invaded Läänemaa.
  40. Complete the sentence about Lääne County with the correct year: On August 8, ______, the united Œselian and Rotalian armies encircled the castle at dawn.
  41. Complete the sentence about Saare County with the correct year: In ______, the Danish Valdemar II the Victorious built a fortress on the island but they found no volunteers to man it.
  42. Complete the sentence about Saare County with the correct year: In ______, Saaremaa was conquered by the Livonian Brothers of the Sword, but remained a hotbed of Estonian resistance.
  43. Complete the sentence about Saare County with the correct year: When the Order was defeated by the Lithuanian army in the Battle of Saule in ______, Oeselians rebelled.
  44. Complete the sentence about Hiiu County with the correct year: The island was first mentioned in ______, in annals written under the name Dageida.
  45. Complete the sentence about Hiiu County with the correct year: In ______, Hiiumaa was divided between the Livonian Order and the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek.
  46. Complete the sentence about Hiiu County with the correct year: In ______, as a result of the Great Northern War the island went under the control of the Russian Empire.
  47. Complete the sentence about Hiiu County with the correct year: During World War I, the German military forces occupied Hiiumaa in ______.
  48. Complete the sentence about Hiiu County with the correct year: The oldest surviving building in the county is Pühalepa Church, which the Teutonic Order began building as a fortress church in ______.
  49. Complete the sentence about Võru County with the correct year: The Võro Institute was founded by the Estonian government in ______.
  50. Complete the sentence about Võru County with the correct year: In ______, the Setos’ polyphonic style of folk singing, called leelo, was added to the UNESCO list of intangible cultural heritage.
  51. Complete the sentence about Võru County with the correct year: In April ______, Võru County, which had previously been part of Livonia Governorate, was merged with the autonomous Estonian Governorate.
  52. Complete the sentence about Counties of Estonia with the correct year: In ______, the new Võru County was formed in the south of Tartumaa, Viljandi County between Tartu and Pärnu counties, and Paldisk…
  53. Complete the sentence about Eurasian lynx with the correct year: Felis lynx was the scientific name used in ______ by Carl Linnaeus in his work Systema Naturae.
  54. Complete the sentence about White-tailed eagle with the correct year: The genus Haliaeetus was introduced in ______ by the French naturalist Marie Jules César Savigny in the Description de l'Égypte.
  55. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Airport with the correct year: The airport was opened officially on 20 September ______, although it had been operational a good while before the official opening.
  56. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Airport with the correct year: On 5 April ______ the Helsinki-Tallinn-Warsaw-Jerusalem route was inaugurated by Mr.
  57. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Song Festival Grounds with the correct year: In ______ Johann Voldemar Jannsen established the Estonian Song Festival while the nation was still a province of the R…
  58. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Song Festival Grounds with the correct year: The first stage on its current location between Narva Road and Pirita Road in Kadriorg was built in ______ for the 9th…
  59. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Song Festival Grounds with the correct year: The new and current arched stage was built in ______ to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the Estonian SSR in the upcom…
  60. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Song Festival Grounds with the correct year: The 15th Estonian Song Festival in ______ was celebrated on the new stage.
  61. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Zoo with the correct year: Since ______, it is the most visited zoo in the Baltic states.
  62. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Zoo with the correct year: In ______, a team of Estonian marksmen won the World Champion title in Helsinki.
  63. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Zoo with the correct year: Illu became the first exhibit in the zoo, which was formally opened on 25 August ______.
  64. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Zoo with the correct year: Estonia was occupied and annexed by the Soviet Union in ______, delaying the planned development of the zoo.
  65. Complete the sentence about Tallinn Zoo with the correct year: The Elephant House was built in ______ to celebrate the zoo's 50th birthday.
  66. Complete the sentence about Kassari with the correct year: Kassari is first mentioned in the year ______ as Cassar und Kakar.
  67. Complete the sentence about Kõpu Lighthouse with the correct year: Around ______ the Hanseatic merchants asked the bishop of Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek to let them build a landmark on the Kõpu peninsula w…
  68. Complete the sentence about Kõpu Lighthouse with the correct year: At a meeting of the Hanseatic League in Lübeck in ______, they applied once more to the bishop for permission to build a beacon.
  69. Complete the sentence about Kõpu Lighthouse with the correct year: Building work was discontinued and alderman Lambert Ottingk, the magistrate in charge of the building, died in Tallinn on 28 December…
  70. Complete the sentence about Estonian Maritime Museum with the correct year: In November ______, after the Soviet occupation of Estonia began, the museum was closed and its collection moved to the Kiek…
  71. Complete the sentence with the correct year: Since ______, its main exhibition has been housed by the Fat Margaret tower.
  72. Complete the sentence about Estonian Maritime Museum with the correct year: A second museum was opened in May ______ in the Seaplane Harbor.
  73. Which place completes this sentence about Tartu? Tartu is the second-largest city in Estonia, after the capital, ______.
  74. Which place completes this sentence about Valga, Estonia? The Valga-______-Koidula railway runs to the town but the passenger train service has been interrupted since 2001.
  75. Which place completes this sentence about Jõhvi? From 1960 to 1991, Jõhvi was administratively not a town, but a district of the city of ______.
  76. Which place completes this sentence about Põlva? In 1931, a railway from ______ to Petseri through Põlva was completed.
  77. Which place completes this sentence about Rapla? In 1898, a brick factory was opened, and in 1900, a railway line was built between Rapla and ______.
  78. Which place completes this sentence about Paldiski? In 1345, Suur-Pakri Island, belonging to Padise Monastery, and some territories in Laoküla, belonging to ______ Manor, were sold to Swedish settlers…
  79. Which place completes this sentence about Otepää? The fortress was first mentioned in Rus' sources in 1116 when the princes of Novgorod and Pskov undertook an expedition against ______ and Otepää.
  80. Which place completes this sentence about Otepää? During the 14th century the importance of Otepää waned as ______, which was the seat of the Bishopric, grew in importance.
  81. Which place completes this sentence about Toompea? Toompea is part of the medieval ______ Old Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
  82. Which place completes this sentence about Tallinn Town Hall? One of the shortest streets of ______ is Raekoja tänav, which is located behind the Town Hall.
  83. Which place completes this sentence about Tallinn Town Hall? In conjunction with the ______ Old Town, the town hall has been on the UNESCO world Heritage Sites list since 1997.
  84. Which place completes this sentence about Estonian Open Air Museum? The Estonian National Museum, established in 1909 in ______, took on the creation of an open-air museum as its own task in 1913.
  85. Which place completes this sentence about Kuressaare Castle? The earliest written record mentioning ______ castle is from the 1380s, when the Teutonic Order began its construction for the bishops of Ö…
  86. Which place completes this sentence about Kuressaare Castle? In 1559, Denmark-Norway seized control over Saaremaa and ______ castle.
  87. Which place completes this sentence about Kuressaare Castle? Following the Great Northern War, Saaremaa and ______ castle became a part of the Russian Empire.
  88. Which place completes this sentence about Kuressaare Castle? In 1836, following the construction of the fortress of Bomarsund on Åland, the Russian garrison at ______ withdrew.
  89. Which place completes this sentence about Narva Castle? In 1346, King Valdemar IV of Denmark sold northern Estonia, including ______, to the Livonian Order, who rebuilt the building into a convent bui…
  90. Which place completes this sentence about Emajõgi? Due to its location on the crossing of land and water routes, ______ became an important trading center in Ancient Estonia.
  91. Which place completes this sentence about Narva? The ______ empties into Narva Bay near the Estonian town of Narva-Jõesuu, third largest settlement on the river after Narva and Ivangorod.
  92. Which place completes this sentence about Narva? The Plyussa is the largest tributary, joining the ______ River at the reservoir from the right.
  93. Which place completes this sentence about Narva? Since the creation of ______ Reservoir, an anabranch, in 1955, the falls are usually near-dry, but water is allowed to flow in them for a few days each…
  94. Which place completes this sentence about Narva? The ______ was used as a trade route during the Viking Age, from the 5th to 11th centuries.
  95. Which place completes this sentence about Setomaa? Estonian Setomaa presently consists of lands in ______ County located in southeastern Estonia and bordering Russia.
  96. Which place completes this sentence about Ida-Viru County? On 1 January 1990, ______ County was established within the boundaries of the current Kohtla-Järve district, which was renamed Ida-Viru Count…
  97. Which place completes this sentence about Pärnu County? In 2022, ______ County had a population constituting 6.4% of the total population of Estonia.
  98. Which place completes this sentence about Võru County? In 2022, ______ County had a population of 34,182, 2.6% of the total population in Estonia.
  99. Which place completes this sentence about Võru County? The county is subdivided into 12 rural municipalities and one urban municipality, the county capital, ______.
  100. Which place completes this sentence about Võru County? In ______ County, there are 95.3% Estonians, 3.3% Russians, and 1.4% other nationalities.

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