History and Independence

New Order and Reformasi Era Historical Milestones

26 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

Practise New Order and Reformasi Era Historical Milestones now

Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 26 questions

  1. Which tragic event occurred on the night of 30 September – 1 October 1965 in Jakarta, resulting in the kidnapping and execution of six senior Army generals and one lieutenant at Lubang Buaya?
  2. What official state title of honor was posthumously bestowed upon the military officers killed at Lubang Buaya and Yogyakarta during the 30 September Movement in 1965?
  3. Which three-point student protest demand (Tritura), mobilized by KAMI and KAPPI outside Merdeka Palace in January 1966, catalyzed the transition to the New Order?
  4. Under which landmark MPR decree, passed during the Fourth MPRS Session in 1966, was the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) permanently banned and Marxism-Leninism prohibited across Indonesia?
  5. During the Special Session of the MPRS in March 1967, which decree officially revoked President Sukarno's executive mandate and appointed General Soeharto as Acting President?
  6. What informal moniker was given to the group of US-educated Indonesian technocrats (including Widjojo Nitisastro, Ali Wardhana, and Emil Salim) who restored macroeconomic stability under the early New…
  7. What sequential multi-year development planning framework did the New Order government execute starting in April 1969 to achieve food self-sufficiency, infrastructure expansion, and industrialization?
  8. Which international honor was presented to President Soeharto in Rome in November 1984 by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to commemorate Indonesia's achievement of rice self-sufficiency…
  9. What military doctrine, conceived by General A.H. Nasution in 1958 and codified during the New Order, institutionalized the military's dual socio-political and defense governance role?
  10. Under the 1973 Political Party Fusion (Fusi Partai Politik), how were political parties simplified by the New Order regime into three recognized entities?
  11. Which major aerospace manufacturing enterprise was established in Bandung in 1976 under the leadership of Dr.-Ing. B.J. Habibie, pioneering domestic aircraft production?
  12. On 10 August 1995, which indigenously designed Indonesian passenger aircraft made its historic maiden flight over Bandung, commemorated annually as National Technology Awakening Day (Hakteknas)?
  13. Which international financial agreement, signed by President Soeharto in January 1998 while IMF Managing Director Michel Camdessus stood with folded arms, symbolized the severity of the Asian Financia…
  14. On 12 May 1998, which tragic university campus shooting by security forces killed four student demonstrators, sparking mass riots across Jakarta that brought down the New Order?
  15. On what historic date at Merdeka Palace did President Soeharto deliver his resignation speech after 32 years in power, transferring presidential authority immediately to Vice President B.J. Habibie?
  16. Which democratic era in modern Indonesian history commenced in May 1998 following Soeharto's resignation, characterized by freedom of speech, decentralization, and constitutional reforms?
  17. In which historic United Nations-administered referendum on 30 August 1999 did 78.5 percent of East Timorese voters choose to separate from Indonesia and pursue independence?
  18. Which was the first free, competitive multi-party general election held in Indonesia following the fall of the New Order, contested by 48 political parties on 7 June 1999?
  19. Which revered Islamic intellectual and leader of Nahdlatul Ulama was elected by the MPR as Indonesia's fourth President in October 1999, celebrated for championing religious tolerance and minority rig…
  20. Who became Indonesia's first female President when she was sworn in on 23 July 2001 following the impeachment of President Abdurrahman Wahid by the Special Session of the MPR?
  21. Which political ticket won the first direct popular presidential election in Indonesian history, prevailing in the second-round runoff in September 2004?
  22. On 15 August 2005 in Finland, which historic peace accord was signed between the Government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM), ending three decades of armed conflict?
  23. On 26 December 2004, which catastrophic natural disaster struck coastal Aceh and the Indian Ocean basin following a magnitude 9.1 megathrust earthquake, claiming over 160,000 lives in Indonesia?
  24. In October 2014, which former Governor of Jakarta and Mayor of Surakarta made history by becoming the first Indonesian President elected from outside the traditional military and political elite?
  25. Which landmark anti-corruption commission was established in December 2002 under Law No. 30/2002, equipped with independent wiretapping, search, and prosecutorial powers?
  26. Which major constitutional reform enacted between 1999 and 2002 transformed Indonesia's system of governance from an MPR-centric regime into a presidential system with checks and balances?

Keep practising

More general knowledge topics

All general knowledge →

Ready for more general knowledge?

Play the GK ChallengeGeneral knowledge hub