Argentine History and Politics

Federalism, Civil Wars and National Organization (1820-1880)

25 practice questions, each with the answer and an explanation.

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Random questions from this topic, one at a time. You see the answer and the explanation straight after each one.

All 25 questions

  1. Who served as the first president of the United Provinces under the centralist Constitution of 1826?
  2. Which armed conflict (1825-1828) led to the creation of the independent Oriental Republic of Uruguay as a buffer state?
  3. Which federalist leader of Buenos Aires was executed in December 1828, sparking prolonged civil warfare?
  4. Which fundamental agreement signed in 1831 served as the de facto constitution of the Argentine Confederation for over twenty years?
  5. Who dominated Argentine politics as the Governor of Buenos Aires with extraordinary powers from 1829 to 1832 and 1835 to 1852?
  6. Which naval battle fought on 20 November 1845 is commemorated as the Day of National Sovereignty in Argentina?
  7. Who led the Great Army (Ejército Grande) that defeated Juan Manuel de Rosas at the Battle of Caseros on 3 February 1852?
  8. Which intellectual wrote 'Bases y puntos de partida para la organización política de la República Argentina', inspiring the 1853 Constitution?
  9. In which city was the National Constitution of the Argentine Republic sanctioned on 1 May 1853?
  10. Why did the Province of Buenos Aires separate from the Argentine Confederation between 1852 and 1859?
  11. Which 1859 pact brought Buenos Aires back into the Argentine Confederation following the Battle of Cepeda?
  12. Which battle in September 1861 marked the definitive triumph of Buenos Aires over the Confederation led by Urquiza?
  13. Who served as the first president of the unified Argentine Republic between 1862 and 1868?
  14. Which major international conflict (1864-1870) allied Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay against Paraguay?
  15. Who served as president of Argentina from 1868 to 1874, famously known as the 'Father of the Classroom'?
  16. Which famous 1845 book by Sarmiento analyzed Argentine politics through the dichotomy of civilization versus barbarism?
  17. Which popular caudillo of La Rioja, known as 'El Chacho', was killed in 1863 after leading federalist rebellions?
  18. What caused the rebellion led by Ricardo López Jordán in Entre Ríos in April 1870?
  19. Which landmark 1876 statute, known as Ley Avellaneda, regulated and promoted European immigration to Argentina?
  20. What was the outcome of the military campaign known as the Conquest of the Desert (1878-1879) led by Julio A. Roca?
  21. Which defensive earthwork was constructed by Adolfo Alsina in 1876 to protect rural settlements from indigenous raids?
  22. Which political resolution in 1880 permanently settled the historic 'capital question' in Argentina?
  23. Who planned and oversaw the construction of the new provincial capital city of La Plata, founded in 1882?
  24. What was the primary economic base of the Argentine littoral and pampas during the mid-19th century?
  25. Which British company completed the first major railway line in Argentina, the Ferrocarril del Oeste, in August 1857?

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